AU8071298A - Engine cooling system and method with temperature-controlled expansion chamber - Google Patents
Engine cooling system and method with temperature-controlled expansion chamberInfo
- Publication number
- AU8071298A AU8071298A AU80712/98A AU8071298A AU8071298A AU 8071298 A AU8071298 A AU 8071298A AU 80712/98 A AU80712/98 A AU 80712/98A AU 8071298 A AU8071298 A AU 8071298A AU 8071298 A AU8071298 A AU 8071298A
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- coolant
- engine
- expansion
- chamber
- chambers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
- F01P11/02—Liquid-coolant filling, overflow, venting, or draining devices
- F01P11/029—Expansion reservoirs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/22—Liquid cooling characterised by evaporation and condensation of coolant in closed cycles; characterised by the coolant reaching higher temperatures than normal atmospheric boiling-point
- F01P3/2207—Liquid cooling characterised by evaporation and condensation of coolant in closed cycles; characterised by the coolant reaching higher temperatures than normal atmospheric boiling-point characterised by the coolant reaching temperatures higher than the normal atmospheric boiling point
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P9/00—Cooling having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P7/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P2003/001—Cooling liquid
- F01P2003/003—Cooling liquid having boiling-point higher than 100°C
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/22—Liquid cooling characterised by evaporation and condensation of coolant in closed cycles; characterised by the coolant reaching higher temperatures than normal atmospheric boiling-point
- F01P2003/2214—Condensers
- F01P2003/2264—Separators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P2025/00—Measuring
- F01P2025/08—Temperature
- F01P2025/52—Heat exchanger temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
- F01P2060/08—Cabin heater
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/22—Liquid cooling characterised by evaporation and condensation of coolant in closed cycles; characterised by the coolant reaching higher temperatures than normal atmospheric boiling-point
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
- F01P7/02—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air
- F01P7/08—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air by cutting in or out of pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
- F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
- F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
- Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Control Of Temperature (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
Abstract
In an engine cooling system, an upper coolant chamber and a lower coolant chamber of a typical engine, such as an internal combustion engine or fuel cell, are formed adjacent to the heat-emitting components of the engine, and a substantially anhydrous, boilable liquid coolant having a saturation temperature higher than that of water is received within the engine coolant chambers. A coolant expansion reservoir defining an expansion chamber is coupled in fluid communication between the engine coolant chambers and the engine's ambient atmosphere for receiving coolant from the engine coolant chambers and permitting coolant flow between the expansion chamber and engine coolant chambers with thermal expansion and contraction of the coolant. The expansion reservoir is mounted within a desorption environment formed within the vehicle's engine bay on the exhaust side of the radiator for heating the coolant within the expansion chamber to a temperature at or above a predetermined temperature during a substantial period of engine operation in order to vaporize substantially all water from the coolant and thereby maintain the coolant in a substantially anhydrous state.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/872,846 US5868105A (en) | 1997-06-11 | 1997-06-11 | Engine cooling system with temperature-controlled expansion chamber for maintaining a substantially anhydrous coolant, and related method of cooling |
US08872846 | 1997-06-11 | ||
PCT/US1998/012326 WO1998057052A1 (en) | 1997-06-11 | 1998-06-10 | Engine cooling system and method with temperature-controlled expansion chamber |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
AU8071298A true AU8071298A (en) | 1998-12-30 |
Family
ID=25360422
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AU80712/98A Abandoned AU8071298A (en) | 1997-06-11 | 1998-06-10 | Engine cooling system and method with temperature-controlled expansion chamber |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5868105A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0988444B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE421031T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU8071298A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2293466C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69840476D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998057052A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (43)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2757903B1 (en) * | 1996-12-31 | 1999-03-26 | New Sulzer Diesel France Sa | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RECOVERING HEAT IN COMBUSTION AIR OF AN ENGINE |
US5868105A (en) * | 1997-06-11 | 1999-02-09 | Evans Cooling Systems, Inc. | Engine cooling system with temperature-controlled expansion chamber for maintaining a substantially anhydrous coolant, and related method of cooling |
DE69925291T2 (en) * | 1998-09-22 | 2005-10-06 | Ballard Power Systems Ag | COOLING SYSTEM WITH ANTIFREEZE |
US6733910B1 (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2004-05-11 | Power Plug Inc. | Fuel cell coolant tank system |
DE10054007A1 (en) * | 2000-11-01 | 2002-06-06 | Xcellsis Gmbh | Motor vehicle with a drive internal combustion engine |
US7461975B2 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2008-12-09 | Tark, Inc. | Method and system for cooling heat-generating component in a closed-loop system |
US7484888B2 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2009-02-03 | Tark, Inc. | Method and system for cooling heat-generating component in a closed-loop system |
US7093977B2 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2006-08-22 | Tark, Inc. | Method and system for cooling heat-generating component in a closed-loop system |
DE10065305A1 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2002-07-18 | Siemens Ag | Motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine and an on-board power supply |
US7152555B2 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2006-12-26 | Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. | Engine cooling system |
US6532910B2 (en) | 2001-02-20 | 2003-03-18 | Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. | Engine cooling system |
US6634322B2 (en) * | 2001-04-12 | 2003-10-21 | Cold Fire, Llc | Heat exchanger tempering valve |
US6516282B2 (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2003-02-04 | Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Company | Predictive thermal control used with a vacuum enclosed coil assembly of a magnetic resonance imaging device |
ES2315516T3 (en) * | 2002-02-19 | 2009-04-01 | Honeywell International Inc. | HEAT TRANSMISSION COMPOSITIONS WITH HIGH ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE FUEL BATTERY ASSEMBLIES. |
JP2004052651A (en) * | 2002-07-19 | 2004-02-19 | Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kaisha Ltd | Soot removing method and apparatus in egr gas cooling mechanism |
US6668766B1 (en) | 2002-07-22 | 2003-12-30 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Vehicle engine cooling system with variable speed water pump |
US6802283B2 (en) | 2002-07-22 | 2004-10-12 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Engine cooling system with variable speed fan |
US6668764B1 (en) | 2002-07-29 | 2003-12-30 | Visteon Global Techologies, Inc. | Cooling system for a diesel engine |
US6745726B2 (en) | 2002-07-29 | 2004-06-08 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Engine thermal management for internal combustion engine |
US6792906B2 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-09-21 | Barry S. Grant | Anti-stain intake manifold and fill neck for internal combustion engine |
DE10259775A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-07-08 | Hilti Ag | Combustion force operated setting tool, e.g. for driving nails into a surface, has a fan for venting and cooling the combustion chamber, the operation of which is controlled in an ambient temperature dependent manner |
DE10259773A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-07-01 | Hilti Ag | Internal combustion engine-operated tool and method for cooling its combustion chamber |
US20050112436A1 (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2005-05-26 | Carol Jeffcoate | Methods and devices for heating or cooling fuel cell systems |
US7341171B2 (en) * | 2004-02-09 | 2008-03-11 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Fan control for combustion-powered fastener-driving tool |
US7164557B2 (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2007-01-16 | Hitachi Global Storage Technologies Netherlands Bv | Apparatus for burnishing small asperities and cleaning loose particles from magnetic recording media |
KR100738063B1 (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-07-10 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Heat exchanger for fuel cell |
DE102007057749A1 (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-06-04 | GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit | Cooling system for a car engine |
US7946056B2 (en) * | 2008-01-23 | 2011-05-24 | Kroll Family Trust | Ambulatory hairdryer |
DE102008020903A1 (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-10-22 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Liquid cooling device for a fuel cell device and fuel cell system |
DE102008030567A1 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-31 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | A fuel cell assembly having storage means for storing and providing liquid coolant |
US8327812B2 (en) * | 2009-07-24 | 2012-12-11 | Deere & Company | Nucleate boiling cooling system |
US9463396B1 (en) * | 2010-10-04 | 2016-10-11 | Poet Research, Inc. | Dual tank heat transfer system and methods of operation |
FR2979693B1 (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2013-08-23 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | ELECTRICAL HEATING DEVICE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE, AND HEATING AND / OR AIR CONDITIONING APPARATUS THEREFOR |
FR2979692B1 (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2018-06-15 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | ELECTRICAL HEATING DEVICE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE, AND HEATING AND / OR AIR CONDITIONING APPARATUS THEREFOR |
FR2996595B1 (en) * | 2012-10-08 | 2015-07-17 | Renault Sa | ARRANGEMENT FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE HAVING A REAR ENGINE, SYSTEM FOR DISTRIBUTING AN ENGINE COOLING FLUID |
US9303549B2 (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2016-04-05 | General Electric Company | Engine cooling system and method for an engine |
US9546589B2 (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2017-01-17 | General Electric Company | Integrated cooling system and method for engine-powered unit |
KR101371492B1 (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-03-10 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Engine having thermostat and the system thereof |
JP6090246B2 (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2017-03-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | FUEL CELL SYSTEM AND CONTROL METHOD FOR FUEL CELL SYSTEM |
GB2530736B (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2020-04-15 | Ford Global Tech Llc | Engine cooling system |
DE102020001473A1 (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-17 | Daimler Ag | Method for filling a hydraulic system with a hydraulic fluid |
US11306647B1 (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-04-19 | Caterpillar Inc. | Combustion gas leak detection strategy |
CN115445330B (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2024-03-19 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Expansion tank and vehicle |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE872690C (en) * | 1943-11-21 | 1953-04-02 | Daimler Benz Ag | Procedure for hot cooling aircraft engines with ethylene glycol as coolant |
US2998068A (en) * | 1958-12-15 | 1961-08-29 | Jersey Prod Res Co | Apparatus for use in wells |
US3238932A (en) * | 1964-03-30 | 1966-03-08 | Ford Motor Co | Sealed cooling system for an internal combustion engine |
US3499481A (en) * | 1969-03-24 | 1970-03-10 | Saf Gard Products Inc | Pressurized liquid cooling system |
US4006775A (en) * | 1974-03-07 | 1977-02-08 | Avrea Walter C | Automatic positive anti-aeration system for engine cooling system |
DE3143749A1 (en) * | 1981-11-04 | 1983-05-11 | Magirus-Deutz Ag, 7900 Ulm | Device for safeguarding the water pressure in the cooling water circuit of an internal combustion engine |
US5044430A (en) * | 1982-04-29 | 1991-09-03 | Avrea Walter C | Method and apparatus for continuously maintaining a volume of coolant within a pressurized cooling system |
US4461342A (en) * | 1982-04-29 | 1984-07-24 | Avrea Walter C | Method and apparatus for automatically refilling a leaking liquid cooling system as an engine operates by utilizing a radiator and a remote coolant reservoir |
DE3390316C2 (en) * | 1982-11-18 | 1994-06-01 | Evans Cooling Ass | Method and cooling system for evaporative cooling of internal combustion engines |
US4550694A (en) * | 1984-05-11 | 1985-11-05 | Evans Cooling Associates | Process and apparatus for cooling internal combustion engines |
US5031579A (en) * | 1990-01-12 | 1991-07-16 | Evans John W | Cooling system for internal combustion engines |
DE4037644A1 (en) * | 1990-11-27 | 1992-06-04 | Freudenberg Carl Fa | EVAPORATION COOLED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
US5255636A (en) * | 1992-07-01 | 1993-10-26 | Evans John W | Aqueous reverse-flow engine cooling system |
US5317994A (en) * | 1992-09-18 | 1994-06-07 | Evans John W | Engine cooling system and thermostat therefor |
US5419287A (en) * | 1992-09-18 | 1995-05-30 | Evans; John W. | Engine cooling system and heater circuit therefor |
US5381762A (en) * | 1992-09-18 | 1995-01-17 | Evans; John W. | Engine cooling system and radiator therefor |
US5353751A (en) * | 1992-09-18 | 1994-10-11 | Evans John W | Engine cooling system and radiator therefor |
US5385123A (en) * | 1993-10-08 | 1995-01-31 | Evans; John W. | Segregated cooling chambers for aqueous reverse-flow engine cooling systems |
US5868105A (en) * | 1997-06-11 | 1999-02-09 | Evans Cooling Systems, Inc. | Engine cooling system with temperature-controlled expansion chamber for maintaining a substantially anhydrous coolant, and related method of cooling |
-
1997
- 1997-06-11 US US08/872,846 patent/US5868105A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-06-10 AU AU80712/98A patent/AU8071298A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-06-10 WO PCT/US1998/012326 patent/WO1998057052A1/en active Application Filing
- 1998-06-10 EP EP98929054A patent/EP0988444B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-10 DE DE69840476T patent/DE69840476D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-10 AT AT98929054T patent/ATE421031T1/en active
- 1998-06-10 CA CA002293466A patent/CA2293466C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-02-08 US US09/246,649 patent/US6053132A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6053132A (en) | 2000-04-25 |
CA2293466C (en) | 2003-02-11 |
US5868105A (en) | 1999-02-09 |
EP0988444B1 (en) | 2009-01-14 |
WO1998057052A1 (en) | 1998-12-17 |
CA2293466A1 (en) | 1998-12-17 |
DE69840476D1 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
EP0988444A4 (en) | 2007-06-06 |
EP0988444A1 (en) | 2000-03-29 |
ATE421031T1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MK6 | Application lapsed section 142(2)(f)/reg. 8.3(3) - pct applic. not entering national phase |