AU2021103257A4 - Method of fertilizing cotton by topdressing instead of base fertilizer - Google Patents
Method of fertilizing cotton by topdressing instead of base fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000005200 bud stage Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 15
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 description 115
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 36
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 240000002024 Gossypium herbaceum Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000004341 Gossypium herbaceum Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- WUJISAYEUPRJOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Mo] WUJISAYEUPRJOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 Monoammonium Potassium Urea Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021048 nutrient requirements Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/50—Cotton
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a fertilizer method for cotton by topdressing instead of base
fertilizer. The invention relates to a fertilizer application method of cotton by topdressing
instead of base fertilizer. The fertilizer application method does not apply base fertilizer,
including: the total amount of fertilizer in the bud period is 300-400kg/hm2 ; The total amount
of fertilization at the flowering and boll stage was 300-400kg/hm 2; The total amount of
fertilizer was 150-250kg/hm 2 in full boll stage. The total amount of fertilization in the opening
period was 150-250kg/hm 2. The invention relates to a fertilizing method of cotton by
topdressing instead of base fertilizer, which does not apply base fertilizer but meets all the
nutrients needed by cotton by topdressing during crop growth period, accurate fertilization and
can improve cotton yield.
1/5
FIGURES
1.8
a 1.6
S1.4
TotalO 1^2
Phosphor- 1 b
us content 0.-8
of cotton 0.6
0.4
0,2
0
CK Without base fertilizer With base fertilizerW
Figure 1
1.8
L.6
1.4
Total .
Phosphor
us content
of cotton-j 0,6
0 0.4,
CK Without base fertilizerW With base fertilizer
Figure 2<
Description
1/5
1.8 a 1.6 S1.4 TotalO 1^2 Phosphor- 1 b us content 0.-8 of cotton 0.6 0.4 0,2 0 CK Without base fertilizer With base fertilizerW
Figure 1
1.8 L.6 1.4 Total .
Phosphor us content of cotton-j 0,6
0 0.4,
CK Without base fertilizerW With base fertilizer
Figure 2<
Method of fertilizing cotton by topdressing instead of base fertilizer
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a
fertilization method of cotton by topdressing instead of base fertilizer.
Cotton is one of the main cash crops in China, is an important strategic material
for national development, is the main economic source of cotton farmers in the world,
is the main raw material of many products and an important commodity for export,
occupies a pivotal position in China's national economy, for the broad masses, is an
indispensable life necessities. In recent years, with the continuous development of
society, land resources are increasingly scarce, and the problem of cotton yield has
been widely concerned by many scholars at home and abroad.
Fertilizer application is one of the effective methods to increase cotton yield and
plays an important role in increasing cotton yield. Among them, base fertilizer, also
called base fertilizer, is applied before sowing or transplantation. It mainly supplies
the basic nutrients needed for the whole growth period of plants, creates good soil
conditions for the growth and development of crops, and also plays a role in
improving the soil and fertilizing the soil.
But, in the process of agricultural production based nutrients needed by crops
throughout the growing season are derived from the basic fertilizer and fertilizer to
meet, basal application of too small to supply nutrients required for crop fertilizer,
thus increased the cost of production, between intangible basal fertilizer overmuch, will affect the crops on the absorption of nutrients, fertilizer use efficiency is reduced, the decline in output, Worse still, it pollutes the soil and worsens its quality. Therefore, in agricultural production, there are more and more excessive and unreasonable fertilization phenomenon, a large number of fertilizer resources are fixed by the soil, the utilization rate of fertilizer continues to reduce, and it is difficult to improve the cotton yield, but also may make the soil ecosystem destroyed, soil quality and soil fertility degradation, causing serious pollution. How to save fertilizer, reduce soil pollution, improve cotton production, this is also an urgent problem to solve.
In view of this, the invention provides a new fertilizer application method for
cotton to solve the conflict between fertilizer application and yield problem.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of by the method of
fertilizer instead of basal fertilizer of cotton, is in order to solve the conflict between
fertilizer usage and production problems, and through fertilizer instead of basal way
of precise fertilization, meet the nutrient requirement of each growth period of cotton,
improve the utilization efficiency of fertilizer and cotton production, meet the
growing demand for cotton.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical solutions adopted are as
follows:
A method of fertilizing cotton by topdressing instead of base fertilizer, without
applying base fertilizer, which includes:
The total fertilization amount at the bud stage was 300-400 kg/hm2 .
The total amount of fertilization at the flowering and boll stage was 300-400
kg/hm 2 .
The total amount of fertilizer was 150-250 kg/hm 2 at full boll stage.
The total amount of fertilization in the opening stage was 150-250 kg/hm 2
Further, the ratio of N, P and K is about 5:3:4 for the said fertilization at the bud
stage;
The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is about 5:3:4 during the
flowering and boll period.
The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is about 6:4:3 during the full
boll period.
The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is about 6:4:3 in the fertilization
at the floc opening stage.
Further, the bud stage is fertilized in three phases.
The flowering and boll period is divided into two times to apply fertilizer;
The full boll period is divided into two times to apply fertilizer;
The fertilizer is only applied once during the floc opening period.
Further, only nitrogen fertilizer was applied in the first time of the bud stage, and
the same amount of fertilizer was applied in the second and third times.
Further, the same amount of fertilizer was applied at the two flowering and boll
stages.
Further, the same amount of fertilizer was applied during the two full bolling
periods.
Further, the cotton is planted with drip irrigation technology under film, and top
dressing is applied with water drop during the growth period of cotton.
Further, the growth period was irrigated for 8 times, from the beginning of the
bud stage, once every 7-10 days, and the total irrigation quota was 4500m 3/hm 2
. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1.The present invention by reasonable through fertilizer instead of basal,
complement nutrient balance of the cotton production and increase method, according
to cotton needs many kinds of nutrients during whole growth period, through different
kinds of topdressing fertilizer, according to the different characteristics of different
development stages of the cotton nutrients needed, according to certain proportion of
the fertilizers to points in cotton in different growth period, The nutrient demand of
the whole growth period of cotton can be guaranteed and the yield of cotton can be
increased by precise topdressing in the later period.
2.Early applying basal content, the present invention effectively solve the
contradiction, cannot achieve precise fertilization, fertilizer use efficiency is reduced,
the deterioration of soil, crop and other issues, but also reduce the waste of fertilizer,
save the manpower, reduces the production cost, and makes the crop yield guaranteed,
implement the scientific development of agriculture. The invention provides a method
of increasing cotton yield by providing nutrients needed in the growing period of
crops through topdressing according to different growing periods of crops without
applying base fertilizer.
Fig. 1 shows the total phosphorus content of different fertilization treatments at
cotton bud stage in Example 1.
Fig. 2 shows the total phosphorus content of different fertilization treatments at
flowering and boll stage of cotton in Example 1.
Fig. 3 shows the total phosphorus content of different fertilization treatments at
cotton opening stage in Example 1.
Fig. 4 shows the total phosphorus content of different fertilization treatments at
the cotton harvest stage in Example 1.
Fig. 5 shows the yield of cotton under different fertilization treatments in Example
1.
Fig. 6 shows the total phosphorus content of different fertilization treatments at
the seedling stage of cotton in Example 2.
Fig. 7 shows the total phosphorus content of cotton at flowering and boll stage
under different fertilization treatments in Example 2.
Fig. 8 shows the total phosphorus content of different fertilization treatments at
cotton opening stage in Example 2.
Fig. 9 shows the total phosphorus content of cotton under different fertilization
treatments at harvest stage in Example 2.
Fig. 10 shows the yield of cotton under different fertilization treatments in
Example 2;
Fig. 11 shows the total phosphorus content of different fertilization treatments at
cotton bud stage in Example 3.
Fig. 12 shows the total phosphorus content of cotton under different fertilization
treatments at flowering and boll stage in Example 3.
Fig. 13 shows the total phosphorus content of different fertilization treatments at
cotton opening stage in Example 3.
Fig. 14 shows the total P content of different fertilization treatments in Example 3
in cotton harvest period.
Fig. 15 shows the cotton yield of different fertilization treatments in Example 3.
To further illustrate the present invention a through fertilizer instead of basal
fertilization method of cotton, the invention of the desired purpose, the combination
of better implementation example, for on the basis of the present invention proposes a
by the method of fertilizer instead of basal fertilizer of cotton, the specific
implementation methods, structure, characteristics and effect, details as following. In
the presentation below, a different "one embodiment" or "embodiment" does not
necessarily mean the same embodiment. In addition, a particular feature, structure or
feature in one or more embodiments may be combined in any appropriate form.
The relevant materials mentioned in the invention are all commercially available or
conventional materials in the field.
The following will be combined with specific embodiments, the invention of a
fertilizer method by topdressing instead of base fertilizer cotton to make a further
detailed introduction:
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
A method of fertilizing cotton by topdressing instead of base fertilizer. The
method of fertilizing without applying base fertilizer consists of:
The total fertilization amount at the bud stage was 300-400 kg/hm2
. The total amount of fertilization at the flowering and boll stage was 300-400
kg/hm 2 .
The total amount of fertilizer was 150-250 kg/hm 2 at full boll stage.
The total amount of fertilization in the opening stage was 150-250 kg/hm 2
. Preferably, the ratio of N, P and K is about 5:3:4 when the fertilizer is applied at
the bud stage;
The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is about 5:3:4 during the
flowering and boll period.
The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is about 6:4:3 during the full
boll period.
The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is about 6:4:3 in the fertilization
at the floc opening stage.
Preferably, the bud stage is divided into three times to apply fertilizer;
The flowering and boll period is divided into two times to apply fertilizer;
The full boll period is divided into two times to apply fertilizer;
The fertilizer is only applied once during the floc opening period.
Further optimally, the fertilizer was applied twice during the full bolling period.
Preferably, only nitrogen fertilizer was applied for the first time in the bud stage,
and the amount of fertilizer was the same for the second and third times;
The amount of fertilizer applied for two times in the flowering and boll stage is
the same;
The same amount of fertilizer is applied for two times at the full boll stage.
Preferably, the cotton is planted with drip irrigation technology under film, and
top dressing is applied with water drop during the growth period of cotton.
For further optimization, the said growth period was irrigated for a total of 8
times, once every 7-10 days from the bud stage, with a total irrigation quota of 4500
m 3/hm 2 .
Experiment 1.
The experiment was carried out in April 2019 in a cotton field on the hilly side of
Niuquan Lake in Changji Agricultural Park, Changji City, Changji Prefecture,
Xinjiang. The experimental process is as follows:
1. In this experiment, without considering other influencing factors, only the
demand for phosphorus in the whole growth period of cotton was considered, and
only the absorption effect of phosphorus on cotton was considered in the later
topdressing. Three treatments were set up in the experiment, which were conventional
fertilizer applied to cotton after basal fertilizer application, conventional fertilizer
applied to cotton without basal fertilizer application and cotton without fertilizer
application (CK). Except for different fertilization treatments, other conditions were
consistent. The base fertilizer was superphosphate; Conventional fertilizers are mixes
of urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate.
The cotton planting technology adopts drip irrigation under film. The top dressing of cotton in the growth period adopts the scheme of drip application. The whole growth period is irrigated for 8 times, and the irrigation is done once every 7
10 days from the bud stage. Before cotton planting, there was no irrigation and no
fertilization in the emergence water. Fertilizer fertilization time was the same as
irrigation time in different growth stages except seedling stage without fertilization.
2. The application amount of superphosphate in basic fertilizer was 430kg/hm2
, and the conventional fertilizer was applied 7 times in the whole growing season of
cotton. The fertilization time and amount were shown in Table 1:
Table 1. Fertilization time and amount of conventional fertilizer during the whole
growth period of cotton
Fertilizer rate
Monoammonium Potassium Urea/ stages Times Dates phosphate/ sulfate/ kg/hm2 kg/hm2 kg/hm2
Bud The first 2019.6.20 50 0 0 stage time
The second 2019.6.26 50 56 38 time
The hird 2019.7.5 50 56 38 time
Flowering The forth 2019.7.15 75 56 38 and boll time stage
The fifth 2019.7.30 75 56 38 time
Full boll The sixth 2019.8.11 35 28 15 stage time
The seventh 2019.8.21 35 28 15 time
floc The eighth opening 2019.8.27 70 56 30 time stage
3. Determination
(1) Plant samples were determined by vanadium-molybdenum yellow
colorimetry.
The total phosphorus content of cotton plants at different growth stages under
different treatments is shown in Fig. 1-4.
(2) The yield of seed cotton was measured at the cotton opening stage. In the
experiment, 10 cotton plants were selected from the middle row of each plot on
October 5, and the boll was collected and the average weight of single boll was
measured. The average yield of seed cotton per plant was obtained after the middle
row of 10 seed cottons was harvested in each treatment.
Cotton yield under different fertilization treatments is shown in Figure 5:
Can be seen from figure 1 to figure 5, the reproductive period is not in cotton
basal dressing treatment on the absorption of phosphorus fertilizer and basal dressing
of p absorption and no significant difference, but will look from cotton output without
basal treatment of cotton output than basal dressing, so no basal dressing processing
in cotton throughout the growing season can not only ensure the cotton effect on the
absorption of nutrients, It ensures the utilization rate of fertilizer, eliminates the stage
of applying base fertilizer and saves a lot of production cost. On this basis, it also
improves the yield of cotton.
Experiment 2.
The experiment was carried out in April 2019 in a cotton field on the hilly side of
Niuquan Lake in Changji Agricultural Park, Changji City, Changji Prefecture,
Xinjiang. The experimental process is as follows:
1.In this experiment, without considering other influencing factors, only the
demand for phosphorus in the whole growth period of cotton was considered, and
only the absorption effect of phosphorus on cotton was considered in the later
topdressing. Three treatments were set up in the experiment, namely, water soluble
fertilizer containing amino acids was applied to cotton after basal fertilizer application,
water soluble fertilizer containing amino acids was applied to cotton without basal
fertilizer application, and cotton without fertilization (CK). Except for different
fertilization treatments, other conditions were consistent. The base fertilizer was
superphosphate; Water soluble amino acid fertilizers were Hui Ju-neng, Hui Ju-feng
and Hui Ju-kalium, in which Hui Ju-neng could contain 18% nitrogen, 2% potassium and 3% humic acid. Hui Ju-feng is 15% nitrogen, 15% phosphorus, 5% potassium,
3% humic acid; Hui poly potassium is 8% nitrogen, 30% potassium, 3% humic acid.
The cotton planting technology adopts drip irrigation under film. The top
dressing of cotton in the growth period adopts the scheme of drip application. The
whole growth period is irrigated for 8 times, and the irrigation is done once every 7
10 days from the bud stage. Before cotton planting, there was no irrigation and no
fertilization in the emergence water. Fertilizer fertilization time was the same as
irrigation time in different growth stages except seedling stage without fertilization.
2. The application amount of superphosphate in basal fertilizer was 460kg/hm2
, and the water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acids was applied 7 times in the
whole growing period of cotton. The fertilization time and amount were shown in
Table 2:
Table 2 Fertilization time and amount of water soluble fertilizer containing
amino acids in the whole growth period of cotton
Fertilizer rate
Hui Ju Hui Ju-neng/ Hui Ju-feng/ Stages Times Dates kalium/ kg/hm2 kg/hm2 kg/hm2
The first Bud stage 2019.6.20 26.7 0 0 time
The second 2019.6.26 26.7 100 56 time
The third 2019.7.5 26.7 100 56 time
Flowering The forth 2019.7.15 45 100 56 and boll stage time
The fifth 2019.7.30 45 100 56 time
Full boll The sixth 2019.8.11 17.5 53 15 stage time
The
seventh 2019.8.21 17.5 53 15
time
floc opening The eighth 2019.8.27 35 106 30 stage time
3. Determination
(1) Plant samples were determined by vanadium-molybdenum yellow
colorimetry.
The total phosphorus content of cotton plants at different growth stages under
different treatments is shown in Figure 6-9.
(2) The yield of seed cotton was measured at the cotton opening stage. In the
experiment, 10 cotton plants were selected from the middle row of each plot on
October 5, and the boll was collected and the average weight of single boll was measured. The average yield of seed cotton per plant was obtained after the middle row of 10 seed cottons was harvested in each treatment.
The cotton yield under different fertilization treatments was shown in Figure 10.
Can be seen from the figure 6 to 10, the reproductive period is not in cotton basal
dressing treatment on the absorption of phosphorus fertilizer and basal dressing of p
absorption and no significant difference, but will look from cotton output without
basal treatment of cotton output than basal dressing, so no basal dressing processing
in cotton throughout the growing season can not only ensure the cotton effect on the
absorption of nutrients, It ensures the utilization rate of fertilizer, eliminates the stage
of applying base fertilizer and saves a lot of production cost. On this basis, it also
improves the yield of cotton.
Experiment 3.
The experiment was carried out in April 2019 in a cotton field on the hilly side of
Niuquan Lake in Changji Agricultural Park, Changji City, Changji Prefecture,
Xinjiang. The experimental process is as follows:
1. In this experiment, without considering other influencing factors, only the
demand for phosphorus in the whole growth period of cotton was considered, and
only the absorption effect of phosphorus on cotton was considered in the later
topdressing. Three treatments were set up in the experiment, which were compound
microbial fertilizer applied to cotton after basal fertilizer application, compound
microbial fertilizer applied to cotton without basal fertilizer application and cotton
without fertilizer application (CK). Except for different fertilization treatments, other conditions were consistent. The base fertilizer was superphosphate; The ratio of composite microbial fertilizer is 12% nitrogen, 5% phosphorus, 2% potassium, 10% amino acid and 18% organic matter.
The cotton planting technology adopts drip irrigation under film. The top
dressing of cotton in the growth period adopts the scheme of drip application. The
whole growth period is irrigated for 8 times, and the irrigation is done once every 7
10 days from the bud stage. Before cotton planting, there was no irrigation and no
fertilization in the emergence water. Fertilizer fertilization time was the same as
irrigation time in different growth stages except seedling stage without fertilization.
2. The application amount of superphosphate was 430kg/hm2, and the composite
microbial fertilizer was applied for 7 times in the whole growing period of cotton. The
fertilization time and amount were as follows:
Table 3 Fertilization time and amount of composite microbial fertilizer in the
whole growth period of cotton
Fertilizer rate
compound microbial 2 Stages Times Dates Urea/kg/hm fertilizer /kg/hm2
Bud stage The first time 2019.6.20 59 0
The second 2019.6.26 106 34 time
The third time 2019.7.5 106 34
Flowering and The forth time 2019.7.15 135 34 boll stage
The fifth time 2019.7.30 135 34
Full boll The sixth time 2019.8.11 65 16 stage
The seventh 2019.8.21 65 16 time
floc opening The eighth 2019.8.27 130 32 stage time
Note: in addition to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, compound microbial
fertilizer also contains a variety of organic substances such as amino acids and organic
matter, which can also provide a variety of nutrients for the growth and development
of crops.
3.Determination
(1) Plant samples were determined by vanadium-molybdenum yellow
colorimetry.
The total phosphorus content of cotton plants at different growth stages under
different treatments is shown in Figure 11-14.
(2) The yield of seed cotton was measured at the cotton opening stage. In the
experiment, 10 cotton plants were selected from the middle row of each plot on
October 5, and the boll was collected and the average weight of single boll was
measured. The average yield of seed cotton per plant was obtained after the middle row of 10 seed cottons was harvested in each treatment.
The cotton yield under different fertilization treatments is shown in Figure 15.
It can be seen from figure 11 to 15 that the reproductive period is not in cotton
basal dressing treatment on the absorption of phosphorus fertilizer and basal dressing
of p absorption and no significant difference, but will look from cotton output without
basal treatment of cotton output than basal dressing, so no basal dressing processing
in cotton throughout the growing season can not only ensure the cotton effect on the
absorption of nutrients, It ensures the utilization rate of fertilizer, eliminates the stage
of applying base fertilizer and saves a lot of production cost. On this basis, it also
improves the yield of cotton.
The technical scheme of the invention can change the existing unreasonable
fertilization habit of farmers. By not applying basic fertilizer in the early stage of
cotton, and by applying different types of fertilizer in the late stage, the nutrients
needed in the growth period of cotton can be met, so as to reduce the waste of
fertilizer and save production cost while ensuring the cotton yield.
The above are only the better embodiments of the present invention and are not
intended to restrict the present invention in any form. Any simple modification,
equivalent change or modification to the above embodiments according to the
technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the
technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A fertilizer method for cotton by topdressing instead of base fertilizer, which is
characterized in that the fertilizer method does not apply base fertilizer, including:
The total fertilization amount at the bud stage was 300-400 kg/hm2 ;
The total amount of fertilization at the flowering and boll stage was 300-400
kg/hm 2;
The total amount of fertilizer was 150-250 kg/hm 2 at full boll stage;
The total amount of fertilization in the opening stage was 150-250 kg/hm 2;
2. According to the fertilization method mentioned in Claim 1, its characteristics
are as follows:
The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is about 5:3:4 for the
fertilization at the bud stage;
The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is about 5:3:4 during the
flowering and boll period;
The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is about 6:4:3 during the full
boll period;
The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is about 6:4:3 in the fertilization
at the floc opening stage.
3. According to the fertilization method mentioned in Claim 1, its characteristics
are as follows:
The bud stage is divided into three times to apply fertilizer;
The flowering and boll period is divided into two times to apply fertilizer;
The full boll period is divided into two times to apply fertilizer;
The fertilizer is only applied once during the floc opening period.
4. According to the fertilization method mentioned in Claim 3, its characteristics
are as follows:
Fertilizer is applied twice during the full boll period.
5. According to the fertilization method mentioned in Claim 1, its characteristics
are as follows:
In the bud stage, only nitrogen fertilizer was applied in the first time, and the
amount of fertilizer was the same in the second and third times;
The amount of fertilizer applied for two times in the flowering and boll stage is
the same;
The same amount of fertilizer is applied for two times at the full boll stage.
6. According to the fertilization method mentioned in Claim 1, its characteristics
are as follows:
The cotton is planted with drip irrigation technology under film, and top dressing
is applied with water drop during the growth period of cotton.
7. According to the fertilization method mentioned in Claim 6, its characteristics
are as follows:
The growth period was irrigated for 8 times, starting from the bud stage, every 7
days, and the total irrigation quota was 4500m 3/hm 2 .
FIGURES 1/5
Figure 1
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2021103257A AU2021103257A4 (en) | 2021-06-10 | 2021-06-10 | Method of fertilizing cotton by topdressing instead of base fertilizer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2021103257A AU2021103257A4 (en) | 2021-06-10 | 2021-06-10 | Method of fertilizing cotton by topdressing instead of base fertilizer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2021103257A4 true AU2021103257A4 (en) | 2021-07-29 |
Family
ID=76972101
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2021103257A Ceased AU2021103257A4 (en) | 2021-06-10 | 2021-06-10 | Method of fertilizing cotton by topdressing instead of base fertilizer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2021103257A4 (en) |
-
2021
- 2021-06-10 AU AU2021103257A patent/AU2021103257A4/en not_active Ceased
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