AU2020101878A4

AU2020101878A4 - The Multifunctional Comprehensive Utilization System of Building-integrated Water Resources and its Method

Info

Publication number: AU2020101878A4
Application number: AU2020101878A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Qiang Kong; Fang Liu; Delong OUYANG; Xiaoyu Wang; Fei Xu; Junlong Zhang; Yiling Zhang; Tianhao ZHENG; Yajie Zhu
Original assignee: Shandong University; Shandong Normal University
Current assignee: Shandong Normal University
Priority date: 2020-08-18
Filing date: 2020-08-18
Publication date: 2020-10-22
Anticipated expiration: 2028-08-18

Abstract

of Descriptions The present invention proposes a kind of multifunctional comprehensive utilization system of building-integrated water resources and its method, including: the green roof area and wetland the purification area of landscape arranged on the building, and the water storage area and fountain landscape area built close to the building; the green roof area collects and transports the intercepted rainwater and sewage; the purification area of wetland landscape is equipped with an constructed wetland to purify the sewage collected from the green roof area and transport the purified water to the water storage area, and then the rainwater is directly transported to the water storage area; the water storage area is equipped with a reservoir; the reservoir transports the stored water to the fountain landscape area. The present invention relies on buildings such as villas, family courtyards, etc., to improve the deployment of pipelines and regional function areas on this basis, and thus realizes the recycling of purified water in the family. Drawings of Descriptions 7 43 8 - 42 _44 15 33 46 47 50 q=5 2 Fig.6 3/3

Description

Drawings of Descriptions

7 43 8 -

42 _44

15 33

46

47

50

q=5 2

Fig.6

3/3

Descriptions

The Multifunctional Comprehensive Utilization System of Building-integrated

Water Resources and its Method

Technical Field The present invention relates to the sewage regeneration and recycling technical field, particularly relates to the multifunctional comprehensive utilization system of building-integrated water resource. Background Technology Nowadays, building roof farms by using villas or family courtyards as carriers may alleviate the problem of congestion, develop roof space, save the area occupied by planting, realize multilevel utilization of space, and regulate the internal local climate of the area. The green roofs, and the purification areas of balcony landscape will play the role of heat storage and heat release. However, the biomass energy in sewage cannot be recovered in the utilization of building water resources, resulting in resource loss and waste. Summary of the Present Invention The purpose of the embodiments described in the description is to provide a kind of multifunctional comprehensive utilization system of building-integrated water resources, which is capable of utilizing water resources, and thus improves use efficiency. The embodiments described in the description provide a kind of multifunctional comprehensive utilization system of building-integrated water resources, which uses villas or family courtyards as carriers and is realized through the following technical schemes: Including: The green roof area and wetland the purification area of landscape arranged on the building, and the water storage area and fountain landscape area built close to the building; The green roof area collects and transports the intercepted rainwater and sewage; The purification area of wetland landscape is equipped with constructed wetland to purify the sewage collected from the green roof area and transport the purified water to the water storage area, and then the rainwater is directly transported to the water storage area; The water storage area is equipped with a reservoir; the reservoir transports the stored water to

Descriptions

the fountain landscape area. In the further technical scheme, the green roof area consists of several sub-areas, and the several sub-areas share a guiding gutter, each sub-area is equipped with a waste water drainage pipe, and the waste water drainage pipe is connected with the guiding gutter; Each sub-area is also equipped with an anti-blocking device, and the anti-blocking device is arranged with a soil sedimentation layer, a soil leaching layer, and an organic residue layer in sequence; The guiding gutter is also equipped a floor drain. In the further technical scheme, the peripheral region of the green roof area is also equipped with a section paved sponge road, the section paved sponge road is laid a surface protective layer of sponge road, a permeable surface of sponge road, pervious concrete of sponge road, graded broken stone of sponge road and soil foundation of sponge road from top to bottom in sequence, and rainwater collection pipes are also set underneath the soil foundation of the sponge road; A greenhouse system with function of keeping out sun and rain is also arranged above green roof area, rainwater intercepted by the greenhouse system with function of keeping out sun and rain will flow into the guiding gutter for collection and transportation. In the further technical scheme, the anti-blocking device consists of a filter screen and a top baffle board arranged on the upper part of the filter screen. In the further technical scheme, the purification area of wetland landscape consists of a constructed wetland area, and the constructed wetland area is laid the waterproof layer of the constructed wetland, the water distribution layer of the constructed wetland, the transition layer of the constructed wetland, the material filtering layer of the constructed wetland and the covering layer of the constructed wetland from bottom to top in sequence; An anode of the constructed wetland microbial fuel cell is internally installed in the material filtering layer of the constructed wetland, the anode is in the anaerobic environment, while a cathode of the constructed wetland microbial fuel cell is installed on the covering layer of the constructed wetland, and the cathode is in an area with plenty of oxygen. In the further technical scheme, wetland plants grown on the covering layer of the constructed wetland, and the covering layer of the constructed wetland is equipped with a water outlet at one side;

Descriptions

A wooden trestle is arranged above the constructed wetland area, and a recreational rest area is deployed at one side of the wooden trestle. In the further technical scheme, the floor drains and the waste water drainage pipes in the green roof area are all connected with the sewage collection and transportation pipeline, and the sewage collection and transportation pipeline is connected with a main sewage transportation pipeline to transport the collected sewage to a constructed wetland for purification treatment; The sewage collection and transportation pipeline is also connected with the pipeline transporting rainwater to the reservoir, and the pipeline transporting rainwater to the reservoir is connected with the main water collection pipeline to transport the rainwater collected by the rainwater collection pipeline to the reservoir. In the further technical scheme, the reservoir is also connected to a transportation pipeline of the reservoir for irrigating green plants on the roof, and is used to irrigate the green plants on the roof; The water outlet of the purification area of wetland landscape is connected with the main water collection pipeline through the water outlet transportation pipeline of constructed wetland. In the further technical scheme, the reservoir is connected to the fountain landscape area through the main water collection pipeline, the main water collection pipeline close to the fountain landscape area is equipped with a valve, and the reservoir and the main water collection pipeline are also connected with the municipal sewage treatment pipe network. The municipal sewage treatment pipe network located between the reservoir and the main water collection pipeline is also equipped with a valve. The embodiments of the present description provide a working method of a multifunctional comprehensive utilization system of building-integrated water resource, which takes a villa or a family courtyard as a carrier and is realized through the following technical schemes: Including: The green roof area collects and transports the intercepted rainwater and sewage separately, wherein the sewage is transported to the purification area of wetland landscape for purification, and the purified water that meets the landscape and reuse water standards is transported to the water storage area. If the treatment fails to meet the standards, the water will flow into the sewage treatment pipeline network for further processing;

Descriptions

Transport rainwater directly to the water storage area;

Control the flow direction area of the confluent water. If the water yield is large, the water can

flow into the fountain area to form a fountain landscape; if the water yield is not sufficient, it can

flow into the reservoir for storage.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The present invention relies on buildings such as villas, family courtyards, etc., to improve the

deployment of pipelines and regional function areas on this basis, and thus realizes the recycling of

purified water in the family.

Relying on the mature technology of sponge city and taking reference to the design of sponge

road for the purpose of enhancing the recovery of rainwater.

The present invention relieves space congestion, increases urban green area, alleviates urban

heat island effect, and thus produces some economic benefits.

The present invention couples the roof farm and the constructed wetland microbial fuel

cell system, and purifies the collected rainwater, domestic wastewater, and agricultural wastewater

for reuse or as a pre-treatment before being drained into the municipal treatment system to realize

the small-scale circulation of household water resources; and thus produces electric

energy while reduces non-point source pollution as well as reduces water treatment costs

. The present invention is deployed a greenhouse system on the top, which can help crops resist

damage suffered in scorching summer and freezing winter and caused by heavy rain.

The present invention forms a good landscape effect. The present invention has certain

agricultural economic benefits, which reduces household water expenditure and provides additional

electric energy; adjusts the local climate in the building, and thus reduces consumption of heating

and cooling as well as saves energy; increase urban green area and alleviates urban heat island

effect, in addition, produces beautiful landscape effect and maintains good mood; the components

of which can be deployed flexibly, thus can be applied to single-family households, villages and

towns, urban building complexes and other buildings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The attached figures of the description constituting a part of the present invention are used to

provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the exemplary embodiments and

descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, and do not

Descriptions

constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is an overall view of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 (A) - Fig. 2 (c) are the drawings of the roof of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 (A) - Fig. 3 (b) are the drawings of purification area of balcony landscape of the

embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 (a)-Fig. 4 (b) are the schematic diagrams of the anti-blocking device of the embodiment

of the present invention;

Fig. 5 (a)-Fig. 5 (c) are the setting drawings of valve device of the embodiment of the present

invention;

Fig. 6 is the drawing of overall pipelines of the embodiment of the present invention;

In these figures, 1 indicates the green roof area, 2 indicates purification area of wetland

landscape, 3 indicates water storage area, 4 indicates fountain landscape area, 5 indicates green

sub-areas on the roof;

6 indicates the anti-blocking device; 7 indicates the wastewater drainage pipe; 8 indicates the

guiding gutter; 9 indicates the section paved sponge road; 10 indicates the nullah of green roof area;

11 indicates the floor drain; 12 indicates the soil sedimentation layer; 13 indicates the soil leaching

layer; 14 indicates the organic residue layer; 15 indicates the greenhouse system with function of

keeping out sun and rain;

16 indicates the surface protective layer of sponge road; 17 indicates the permeable surface of

sponge road; 18 indicates pervious concrete of sponge road; 19 indicates graded broken stone of

sponge road; 20 indicates the soil foundation of sponge road; 21 indicates rainwater collection

pipeline;

22 indicates the anode; 23 indicates the wooden trestle ; 24 indicates the balcony door; 25

indicates the cathode; 26 indicates the recreational rest area; 27 indicates the constructed wetland;

28 indicates the waterproof layer of the constructed wetland; 29 indicates the water distribution

layer of the constructed wetland; 30 indicates the transition layer of the constructed wetland; 31

indicates the material filtering layer of the constructed wetland material layer; 32 indicates the

covering layer of the constructed wetland; 33 indicates the water outlet; 34 indicates the wetland

plants;

35 indicates the filter screen, 36 indicates the top baffle board, 37 indicates the slot track, 38

Descriptions

indicates the floating plate, 39 indicates the baffle, 40 indicates the filter screen, 41 indicates the sewage collection and transportation pipeline; 42 indicates the T-branch pipe fittings; 43 indicates the sewage transportation pipeline; 44 indicates the transportation pipeline of the reservoir for irrigating green plants; 45 indicates the pipelines for transporting rainwater to the reservoirs; 46 indicates the reservoirs; 47 indicates the municipal sewage treatment pipe networks; 48 indicates the first valve; 49 indicates the water outlet transportation pipeline of the constructed wetland; 50 indicates the main water collection pipeline; 51 indicates the second valve; 52 indicates the fountain. Detailed Description of the Presently Embodiments It should be pointed out that following detailed descriptions are all illustrative and are intended to provide further descriptions of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should also be understood that when the such terms as "comprising" and/or "including" are used in this description, they indicate the existence of features,

steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof. Embodiment 1 This embodiment discloses the multifunctional comprehensive utilization system of building-integrated water resource. Fig. 1 is the overall diagram of the application device for the multi-functional comprehensive utilization of building-integrated water resources, which consists of the green roof area 1, the purification area of wetland landscape 2, the water storage area 3, and the fountain landscape area 4. In this embodiment, the regions are combined organically to fully play the role of each functional region, and thus realizes the purpose of the device for treating, purifying, and recycling rainwater and domestic wastewater, improving the micro climate in the region, saving space and generating electricity. Specifically, referring to the drawing of roof as shown in the Fig. 2 (A) - Fig. 2 (c), the green

Descriptions

roof area 1 consists of several green sub-areas on the roof 5, several sub-areas sharing guiding

gutter 8, each sub-area is equipped with a waste water drainage pipe 7, the waste water drainage

pipe is connected with the guiding gutter 8;

Each sub-area is also equipped with an anti-blocking device 6, and the anti-blocking device is

arranged with a soil sedimentation layer 12, a soil leaching layer 13, and an organic residue layer 14

in sequence;

The guiding gutter is also equipped a floor drain 11.

The peripheral region of the green roof area is also equipped with a section paved sponge road

9, the section paved sponge road is laid a surface protective layer of sponge road 16, a permeable

surface of sponge road 17, pervious concrete of sponge road 18, graded broken stone of sponge road

19 and soil foundation of sponge road 20 from top to bottom in sequence, and rainwater collection

pipes 21 are also set underneath the soil foundation of the sponge road;

A greenhouse system with function of keeping out sun and rain 15 is also arranged

above green roof area, rainwater intercepted by the greenhouse system with function of keeping out

sun and rain will flow into the guiding gutter for collection and transportation.

Referring to the Fig 4(a)-4(b), the anti-blocking device consists of a filter screen 35 and a top

baffle board 36 arranged on the upper part of the filter screen.

The green roof area is also equipped with a nullah of green roof area, in which the floor drain

can prevent blocking when the dry branches and fallen leaves enter the pipeline; When the water

submerges the green roof area, the water can be drained into the section paved sponge road 9

through the nullah 10 of the green roof area to avoid damaging the plants grown in the green roof

area 5; in rainy days, the rainwater intercepted by the greenhouse system with function of keeping

out sun and rain 15 deployed in the roof floral region can flow into the guiding gutter 8 for

collection and transportation. The roof is designed to have a slope of 5% so that the collected

rainwater and sewage are transported to the pipeline by gravity.

In detailed embodiments, as shown in Fig 3 (a)-Fig 3 (b), the purification area of wetland

landscape consists of a constructed wetland 27, and the constructed wetland area is laid the

waterproof layer of the constructed wetland 28, the water distribution layer of the constructed

wetland 29, the transition layer of the constructed wetland 30, the material filtering layer of the

constructed wetland 31 and the covering layer of the constructed wetland 32 from bottom to top in

Descriptions

sequence;

An anode 22 of the constructed wetland microbial fuel cell is internally installed in the

material filtering layer of the constructed wetland, the anode is in the anaerobic environment, while

a cathode 25 of the constructed wetland microbial fuel cell is installed on the covering layer of the

constructed wetland, and the cathode is in an area with plenty of oxygen.

The wetland plants grown on the covering layer of the constructed wetland 34, and the

covering layer of the constructed wetland is equipped with a water outlet 33 at one side;

A wooden trestle 23 is arranged above the constructed wetland area, and a recreational rest

area 26 is deployed at one side of the wooden trestle.

The purification area of wetland landscape is arranged on the balcony, and the balcony is

equipped with a balcony door. The wetland plants 34 play a role in purifying water quality,

landscape, and other things.

As shown in Fig. 6, which is the pipeline schematic diagram, the floor drains and the waste

water drainage pipelines in the green roof area are all connected with the sewage collection and

transportation pipeline 41, the sewage collection and transportation pipeline 41 is equipped with a

T-branch pipe fitting 42, the sewage collection and transportation pipeline is connected with the

main sewage transportation pipeline 43 to transport the collected sewage to a constructed wetland

for purification treatment;

The sewage collection and transportation pipeline is also connected with the pipeline

transporting rainwater to the reservoir, and the pipeline transporting rainwater to the reservoir 45 is

connected with the main water collection pipeline to transport the rainwater collected by

the rainwater collection pipeline to the reservoir.

The reservoir is also connected to a transportation pipeline 44 of the reservoir for irrigating

green plants on the roof, and is used to irrigate the green plants on the roof;

The water outlet of the purification area of wetland landscape is connected with the main water

collection pipeline 50 through the water outlet transportation pipeline of constructed wetland.

The reservoir is connected to the fountain landscape area 52 through the main water collection

pipeline, the main water collection pipeline close to the fountain landscape area is equipped with the

second valve 51, and the reservoir and the main water collection pipeline are also connected with

the municipal sewage treatment pipe network 47. The municipal sewage treatment pipe network

Descriptions

located between the reservoir and the main water collection pipeline is also equipped with the first

valve 48.

As shown in Fig. 5 (a)-Fig. 5 (c), the valve is connected to the water outlet 33 and is composed

of a slot track 37, a floating plate 38, a baffle 39, and a filter screen 40. The valve can control the

drainage according to the water level, and control the water storage in the constructed wetland.

The sewage collected by the sewage collection pipeline 41 is transported to the constructed

wetland through the main sewage transportation pipeline 43 for purification treatment; the rainwater

collected by the guiding gutter 8 is transported to the reservoir 46 through the pipeline transporting

rainwater to the reservoir 45; the water drained through the water outlet 33 is transported to the

main water collection pipeline 50 through the water outlet pipeline 49 of the constructed wetland. If

the treatment meets the landscape and reuse water standards, it flows into the reservoir 46. If the

treatment fails to meet the standards, the first valve 48 is opened to guide the water to flow into the

sewage treatment pipeline network for further processing; when the water in the reservoir 46

exceeds its capacity, it can also be piped into the municipal sewage treatment pipe network; the

water in the reservoir 46 is pumped into the transportation pipeline 44 of the reservoir for irrigating

green plants on the roof and then transported to the green roof area to be used as irrigation water.

The second valve 51 can control the confluent water in the main water collection pipe 50 flows to

the fountain area. If the water volume is large, the second valve 51 can be opened to allow water to

flow into the fountain area to form a fountain landscape. If the water volume is not sufficient, the

second valve 51 will be closed, and guide the water to flow into the reservoir 46 for storage.

The following is to determine the feasibility of the above embodiments through theoretical

calculations:

Calculate the volume of sewage flowing into the purification area of the balcony landscape

according to the Darcy model, Horton model, Gash model, and root water uptake model, and

calculate the hydraulic retention time according to the change in the volume of intake water; and

calculate the electricity production according to the removal efficiency of pollutants:

Darcy's law is the law describes the linear relationship between the seepage rate of water in

saturated soil and the hydraulic gradient. The Darcy classic model is used to calculate the amount of

infiltration water produced in the irrigation area of the green roof area and the amount of rain can by

collected through the roof sponge channel.

Descriptions

Q=kA(hi-h2)/L

( If the amount of water v flowing through a unit area per unit time represents the velocity, Darcy's law can be expressed as:

v=-= ki (2) A in the formula: i=(hi-h2)/ L represents the hydraulic gradient; k is the permeability coefficient,

the unit is the same as that of the speed, and is determined by the structure of the soil and the nature and temperature of the fluid; A is the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the flow direction; L is the length of seepage path. The Horton runoff-yield model: Consider the influence on reginal runoff resulting from the influence of plants on soil moisture profile, soil anisotropy and topographic slope, etc., and use Horton model to calculate. Infiltration rate: The model assumes that all rainfall prior to the surface saturation seeps into the ground. The infiltration capacity after the surface saturation is controlled by the average infiltration capacity of the entire saturated zone. When the soil is fully saturated, it is assumed that the infiltration capacity approaches to zero. Assuming that the corresponding soil depths of the upper and lower boundaries of the stagnant saturated zone are N, and Nf, and the buried depth of the saturated groundwater level is Nt, then:

R N>0

R= K / cosa+¶-i,(N) N=0,N<N . (3) expVfN)-1 3 0 N,=0,N1 =Nt

Wherein,

soi( N)=-KN),( N )(4

in the formula: Rio represents the infiltration rate; R represents the rain intensity; K0 represents the normal saturated hydraulic conductivity in the surface; f represents the parameter that controls the attenuation of the saturated hydraulic conductivity with depth; a represents the

horizontal inclination of the slope; yoi(N) represents the water flow rate generated under driven

by the capillary force in the saturated soil, the footnote "is" means that the frontal surface is under

Descriptions

the condition that the soil moisture content changes into saturated state 0. from the initial state

,(N); K, represents the harmonic mean value of the hydraulic conductivity on the entire saturated

profile; and hl(N,,,O) represents the capillary potential at the wetting front.

Equation of motion of wetting front (1) Saturated infiltration. Saturated infiltration refers to the process of soil underwater infiltration under the condition of sufficient water supply, that is, the water content of the surface soil is always saturated. Meanwhile, the equation of the motion of the wetting front is:

dN q,(N )

dt 0-0(N) (5)

Wherein, q,(N)= K.(N)cos a +pa( (6)

in the formula: q(N) represents the normal seepage rate; 0 represents the saturated soil

moisture content; 0,(N) represents the initial soil moisture content at the wetting front (the depth

of frontal surface is N ); the meaning of the other symbols is the same as the above.

(©) Unsaturated infiltration. When the sustained saturated zone is not formed, the seepage rate q, in the normal direction of the surface in the unsaturated zone can be derived by analogy with

equation (6), namely: q,(N)= K(N) cos a + p4,(N) (7)

Wherein,

(pi,( N )= -K,( N) h N , ' (8)

in the formula: K,(N) represents the average unsaturated hydraulic conductivity above the

wetting front; p4,(N) represents the seepage rate driven by the capillary force at the wetting front

in the unsaturated soil; the subscript ie represents the soil moisture content at the frontal surface

changes from the initial state 0,(N) to O(R,,N); 0 represents the soil moisture content at the

wetting front in the soil moisture profile caused by the rain intensity R.

The evolution speed of the wetting front is:

Descriptions

dN_ q,(N) t 0,(R,,,N)-Oi(N) (9)

Once the stagnant saturation zone is formed, the normal seepage rate q, is:

q.(N, N)= K.,(N, N)cos a+p(N) (10)

The evolution speed equation of the wetting front is basically the same as equation (5), except

that the normal seepage rate q is:

dN q,(N,N) -Rcosa t i-0,(R,N) (11)

The meanings of the symbols used in formulas (9), (10) and (11) are the same as described

above.

() Calculation method of runoff production

After determining the infiltration capacity, according to the contrast relationship between the

rain intensity and the infiltration capacity and the soil water holding capacity, the surface runoff

yield can be determined according to equation (12). On any grid unit in a certain period of time, the

calculation method of surface runoff yield is as follows:

I=R, R=0 N,>0,N< N, I=f, R,=R-f N=0, N < N,, R>f I=0, R,=R N=0,N=N, (12) I=f, R-=ZQi,-f N,=0, N < N, Q I=0, R-= Q, N=0, N = N., Q, >0, in the formula: I represents the actual infiltration volume; R represents the rain intensity; R<

represents the surface runoff yield; f represents the infiltration capacity; R, represents the

volume of exceed-infiltration runoff; R. represents the return runoff yield; IQ- represents the

net inflow volume of the interflow when the upper soil column is saturated, which means the

difference between the inflow rate and the outflow rate; Y Q represents the net inflow volume of

the interflow when the soil column is fully saturated, which means the difference between the

inflow rate and the outflow rate.

It can be seen from equation (12) that when the surface runoff yield only reaches N=0, it

Descriptions

means under the condition of the upper part of the soil is saturated and the soil is fully saturated. When the rain intensity is stronger than the infiltration capacity, the surface exceed-infiltration runoff will be produced; when the total water flowing into the soil column unit exceeds its water holding capacity above the wetting front, the return runoff will be produced. The runoff yield of interflow in the grid is: Qs. =-TW tanp (13)

in the formula: T represents the average lateral conductivity of the aquifer below the groundwater level, m2/h, represents the single-width hydraulic conductivity; W represents the outflow width of the grid unit, m; 8 represents the local groundwater hydraulic slope, the available local slope of the surface is similar. The initial soil moisture profile can be expressed as: (0 ('O O(n) =0, +(0,-0,) (4) ( n -N (4

) in the formula: n represents the soil depth; 0 represents the soil moisture content;

represents the soil plant wilting coefficient; represents the soil air intake value; E represents

the empirical coefficient that characterizes the soil void size distribution; the meaning of the other

symbols is the same as the above.

Gash model Considering the intercepted evaporation loss of the plant canopy, then m

I= (1- f - fi)$P +n[(1- f - f1)P'- C.] j=1

nmn-q (15) +-=1 (P - P') +nS +(qS, +P P:]) R j=1 1

in the formula, (1- f - f) P1 1 represents the interception loss during the daily rainfall j=

reaches P<P'; P' represents the required daily rainfall when the canopy reaches saturation, m

represents the number of days when P<P'; n[(1-f-f)P'-C.] represents when P P' ,

the interception loss during the period when the canopy is not saturated, n represents the number of

days when P P'; Z(P1 -P') represents when P2P', the interception loss caused by the

canopy during the period from the beginning of saturation to the stop of rainfall; nS represents

Descriptions

qS,+PP the evaporative capacity of water stored in the canopy after the rain stopped, ' represents

the interception loss of the trunks and branches; q represents the number of rainy days when

P S, / Pr; S represents the maximum storage capacity of trunks and branches.

Root-water-uptake model

Considering the absorption of water by plant roots, the model is established based on a

semi-theoretical and semi-empirical method. The boundary conditions are easy to determine and

control, and the influence of plant growth and development on water absorption is considered. The

obtained results can be directly applied to the study of field water dynamics. Therefore, we use the

following model during simulation:

S,(z,t)= ET(t)-A-exp[-0.7597((z -0.2821) /Zr) 2 (16)

A = 0.524-0.01702J+1.4x 10-4 Jd (17)

Zr = (-0.6389+0.6742J)x 10-2 (18)

in the formula: ET (T) - evapotranspiration (m / S);

Z -the depth of the soil layer below the surface (m)

A - empirical coefficient

Jd-days after sowing (d)

Zr - root extension depth (m)

Pollutant removal model

As for the wetland system, with the extension of the hydraulic retention time (HRT),

the amount of COD Mn degraded gradually increases, and there is an exponential relationship

between COD mnand HR Tin the effluent:

[CODMn]=7.116exp[-0.0927(HR7)] (19)

According to the above formula, the economic benefits that this technology may create for

cities of the north China and the south China are simulated and calculated as follows:

Taking Beijing, Dalian, and Xi'an as representatives of the cities of the north China (the roof

area is 80 m 2, the green area is 40 m 2, the effective volume of purification area of the balcony

landscape is 70 m 3), and the annual accumulated water volume is 337 -465 m 3, the volume of

Descriptions

purified water is 104 -138 m , the water rate saved is 286-395 yuan; the electricity production is

422-570 kWh, the electric charge saved is 249-336 yuan. The cost of coal-fired heating and the

electric charge for cooling saved by the green roof is about 300 yuan.

Taking Changsha, Nanchang, and Chongqing as representatives of the cities of the south China

(the roof area is 80 m 2 , the green area is 40 M2 , the effective volume of purification area of the

balcony landscape is 70 m 3 ), and the annual accumulated water volume is about 481-857 M3 , the

volume of purified water is about 134- 229 m3 , the water rate saved is 410-728 yuan; the electricity

production is about 488-805 kWh, the electric charge saved is 288-475 yuan. The cost of coal-fired

heating and the electric charge for cooling saved by the green roof is about 400 yuan.

Taking a family as an example, the economic benefits created for the north China is 835-1031

yuan, which reaches 1,098-1603 yuan to the south China; in addition to economic benefits, it can

also generate environmental benefits. The reduction of thermal power generation can reduce

pollutant emissions, among which, the dust is about 115-219 kg, the carbon dioxide is about

421-781 kg, the sulfur dioxide is about 13-26 kg, and the nitrogen oxide is about 6.33-12 kg.

Meanwhile, wetland plants and green roof plants can play a role in degrading pollutants and

purifying the air.

This technology can be selected and mix-matched according to the actual conditions of

different regions to meet the needs of different life tastes in cities and villages. If appropriate

modification is made based upon the Case 1, and the roof planting area mainly grows green plants

with moderate drought and shade tolerance, photovoltaic power generation system can be added

above the roof. To calculate based on the area of roof is 80 m2 , the annual electricity production is

23360-35040 kwh, which is equivalent to the annual electricity consumption of about 10-15

households.

It can be understood that, in the description of this specification, the description of reference

terms "one embodiment", "another embodiment", "other embodiments", or " the first embodiment

to Nth embodiment" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics

described in combination with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment

or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the

above-mentioned terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover,

the described specific features, structures, material, or characteristics can be combined in any one or

Descriptions

more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, as for those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A kind of multifunctional comprehensive utilization system of building-integrated water

resources, which uses villas or family courtyards as carriers, characterized in that:

Including:

The green roof area and wetland the purification area of landscape arranged on the building,

and the water storage area and fountain landscape area built close to the building;

The green roof area collects and transports the intercepted rainwater and sewage;

The purification area of wetland landscape is equipped with constructed wetland to purify the

sewage collected from the green roof area and transport the purified water to the water storage area,

and then the rainwater is directly transported to the water storage area;

The water storage area is equipped with a reservoir; the reservoir transports the stored water to

the fountain landscape area.

2. The multifunctional comprehensive utilization system of building-integrated water

resources according to claim 1, characterized in that the green roof area consists of several

sub-areas, and the several sub-areas share a guiding gutter, each sub-area is equipped with a waste

water drainage pipe, and the waste water drainage pipe is connected with the guiding gutter;

Each sub-area is also equipped with an anti-blocking device, and the anti-blocking device is

arranged with a soil sedimentation layer, a soil leaching layer, and an organic residue layer in

sequence;

The guiding gutter is also equipped a floor drain.

3. The multifunctional comprehensive utilization system of building-integrated water

resources according to claim 2, characterized in that the peripheral region of the green roof area is

also equipped with a section paved sponge road, the section paved sponge road is laid a surface

protective layer of sponge road, a permeable surface of sponge road, pervious concrete of sponge

road, graded broken stone of sponge road and soil foundation of sponge road from top to bottom in

sequence, and rainwater collection pipes are also set underneath the soil foundation of the sponge

road;

A greenhouse system with function of keeping out sun and rain is also arranged above green

roof area, rainwater intercepted by the greenhouse system with function of keeping out sun and rain

will flow into the guiding gutter for collection and transportation.

Claims

4. The multifunctional comprehensive utilization system of building-integrated water resources

according to claim 2, characterized in that the anti-blocking device consists of a filter screen and a

top baffle board arranged on the upper part of the filter screen.

5. The multifunctional comprehensive utilization system of building-integrated water resources

according to claim 1, characterized in that the purification area of wetland landscape consists of a

constructed wetland area, and the constructed wetland area is laid the waterproof layer of the

constructed wetland, the water distribution layer of the constructed wetland, the transition layer of

the constructed wetland, the material filtering layer of the constructed wetland and the covering

layer of the constructed wetland from bottom to top in sequence;

An anode of the constructed wetland microbial fuel cell is internally installed in the material

filtering layer of the constructed wetland, the anode is in the anaerobic environment, while a

cathode of the constructed wetland microbial fuel cell is installed on the covering layer of the

constructed wetland, and the cathode is in an area with plenty of oxygen.

6. The multifunctional comprehensive utilization system of building-integrated water resources

according to claim 5, characterized in that wetland plants grown on the covering layer of the

constructed wetland, and the covering layer of the constructed wetland is equipped with a water

outlet at one side;

A wooden trestle is arranged above the constructed wetland area, and a recreational rest area is

deployed at one side of the wooden trestle.

7. The multifunctional comprehensive utilization system of building-integrated water resources

according to claim 2, characterized in that the floor drains and the waste water drainage pipes in the

green roof area are all connected with the sewage collection and transportation pipeline, and the

sewage collection and transportation pipeline is connected with a main sewage transportation

pipeline to transport the collected sewage to a constructed wetland for purification treatment;

transporting rainwater to the reservoir, and the pipeline transporting rainwater to the reservoir is

the rainwater collection pipeline to the reservoir.

8. The multifunctional comprehensive utilization system of building-integrated water resources

according to claim 7, characterized in that the reservoir is also connected to a transportation pipeline

Claims

of the reservoir for irrigating green plants on the roof, and is used to irrigate the green plants on the

roof;

collection pipeline through the water outlet transportation pipeline of constructed wetland.

9. The multifunctional comprehensive utilization system of building-integrated water resources

according to claim 7, characterized in that the reservoir is connected to the fountain landscape area

through the main water collection pipeline, the main water collection pipeline close to the fountain

landscape area is equipped with a valve, and the reservoir and the main water collection pipeline are

also connected with the municipal sewage treatment pipe network. The municipal sewage treatment

pipe network located between the reservoir and the main water collection pipeline is also equipped

with a valve.

10. The working method of the multifunctional comprehensive utilization system of

building-integrated water resources takes villas or family courtyards as the carrier, characterized in

that:

The green roof area collects and transports the intercepted rainwater and sewage separately,

wherein the sewage is transported to the purification area of wetland landscape for purification,

and the purified water that meets the landscape and reuse water standards is transported to the water

storage area. If the treatment fails to meet the standards, the water will flow into the sewage

treatment pipeline network for further processing;

Transport rainwater directly to the water storage area;

flow into the reservoir for storage.