AU2020101174A4

AU2020101174A4 - Derailment blocking system for high-speed trains based on impact energy conversion

Info

Publication number: AU2020101174A4
Application number: AU2020101174A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Lin Jing; Kai Liu
Original assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2019-11-18
Filing date: 2020-06-28
Publication date: 2020-07-30
Anticipated expiration: 2028-06-28
Also published as: CN110696868A

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel derailment blocking system for high-speed trains, which employs a rigid-flexible coupling rotary protection device to realize the protection purpose of "levering a ton of weight with four ounces of force" and mainly under the design philosophy of impact energy conversion and "turning plugging into dredging". The effectiveness and feasibility of the invention has been proved in the field like ship-bridge collision and other relevant industries and can effectively make for the deficiency in passive safety protection of train derailment. The setup of blocking system will not change original lines in that it can be mounted on both existing lines and new lines, on full lines and on some dangerous area (through curves and turnouts). The whole system is simple in structure, has strong operability and universality, effectively blocking derailed train and preventing secondary disaster so as to protect the train, drivers and passengers. 1 DRAWINGS 1 FIG. 1 FIG. 2 1

Description

DRAWINGS

1

FIG. 1

FIG. 2

DESCRIPTION DERAILMENT BLOCKING SYSTEM FOR HIGH-SPEED TRAINS BASED ON IMPACT ENERGY CONVERSION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention

[0002] The invention relates to the field of safety protection of high-speed trains, specifically

relating to a derailment blocking system for high-speed trains based on impact energy

conversion.

[0003] 2. Description of the Related Art

[0004] The high speed railway has always been very popular among people for its high

capacity, low energy consumption, safety and coziness. However, in recent years, trains

derailments happen from time to time, both at home and abroad, threatening production

safety of railways seriously. With improvement of high-speed trains' run speed, it has posed

more stringent requirements for its service safety. Especially in our country, the majority of

high-speed lines are overpasses, which means more serious secondary disasters will happen

once the train is derailed. Currently, it's in a crucial stage for our high-speed trains to move to

a higher speed, and at the same time, a series of grand national strategies such as land silk

road are pushed forward continuously, therefore trains derailment will not only cause serious

casualties and economic loss, but also adversely affect national strategic development.

Accordingly, it has a profound and far-reaching meaning to guarantee the run safety of trains

and to minimize the economic loss once the train derailment occurs.

[0005] At present, protection of accidents like high-speed trains derailment mostly adopts

active controlling measures by means of mounting auxiliary device on the train bogie or

wheelset and rail to limit derailment of trains. The patent CN205737571U discloses "a

railway vehicles derailment prevention device" which prevents derailment by mounting

L-shaped positioning plate on the train axle via a bearing wherein a fixing connecting plate is

arranged between the L-shaped positioning plate and the bearing to fix the L-shaped

positioning plate and a positioning block with a position-limit plate is fixed on the line

sleeper to limit the position of train wheels by the interaction between the L-shaped

positioning plate and the position-limit plate; the patent CN102923154A discloses a "a

DESCRIPTION railway train derailment prevention device" which provides a derailment-preventing hook

and the upper end thereof is buckled on a chassis beam of the train while the lower end is

buckled on the track and is fastened by a fastening bolt and reinforcing ribs are arranged on

two sides of the hook to enhance the tensile resistance of the derailment-preventing hook, and

the derailment of the train is limited by resisting the tensile force generated by the hook

during derailment; the patent CN105383511A discloses a "a railway vehicles bogie

derailment prevention device" which installs a derailment prevention slide that extends to the

ground track on the bottom of the train bogie wherein the horizontal positioning on the mount

and its extending length in vertical direction of the derailment prevention slide make the train

still be restrained by the horizontal restricting node and the ground track formed by the

derailment prevention slide and the ground track when the train creeping occurs, avoiding rail

vehicle derailment in its run.

[0006] In addition, only a few adopts passive safety protection measures to reduce the loss in

various aspects caused by train derailment. The patent CN103205941B discloses a "a train

derailment impact protection device based on multiple lines of defense" which provides a

train derailment impact protection device based on four lines of defense, i.e. a wheel-guard

rail, a protective retaining wall, an energy-absorption stopper and a protective hoop which

can not only enhance the safety of station building being stroke, but also minimize the

potential secondary damage to the derailed train and people inside the train.

[0007] All above train derailment protection devices based on active safety protection

measures do prevent the train from derailment in some ways, but when running at a high

speed, the impact and abrasion of the train and the auxiliary device is inevitable. Some

devices cannot completely avoid friction between the device and the track when a train

passes through a curve, and simultaneously bring a plurality of influences on normal running

of the train and operation and maintenance of a line; in addition, for some sudden train

derailment accidents caused by objective reasons such as climate reasons, line emergency

conditions, signal scheduling, etc., these active safety protection devices may not serve an

effective protection purpose. Therefore, new passive safety protection measures for trains are

highly expected. However, the research on passive safety protection of trains is less, and one

of the few above mentioned passive safety protection measures are mainly used for

DESCRIPTION protecting the train station building structures and only play a role in auxiliary protection for

derailed trains and personnel in the trains.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0008] The invention provides a derailment blocking system for high-speed train based on

impact energy conversion, which is based on impact energy conversion and dissipation and

aims to fill up the defects of high-speed train derailment in the aspect of passive safety

protection, thereby effectively blocking the derailed train and protecting the safety of drivers

and passengers, and minimizing the loss of each aspect after derailment occurs; meanwhile,

the device can be complemented with an active safety protection device for preventing the

train from derailing, and jointly forms two barriers for safety protection of the high-speed

train.

[0009] The invention is realized in such a way that the derailment blocking system for

high-speed train based on impact energy conversion comprises a plurality of passive

protection blocking devices arranged on two sides of a high-speed lines.

[0010] Furthermore, said passive protection blocking devices comprise a rigid support

structure and a flexible rotating structure, wherein the rotating structure is installed on said

support structure, and the support structure is fixed on two sides of the high-speed lines.

[0011] Furthermore, said rotating structure comprises a central shaft and a roller body

sleeved on the central shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, said support structure includes a base and a roof mount and the two ends

of said central shaft are respectively fixedly connected with the base and the roof mount.

[0013] Preferably, said support structure is made of steel.

[0014] Further, said roller body comprises a rigid inner layer and a flexible outer layer, and

the flexible outer layer is fixed on said rigid inner layer.

[0015] Further, said rigid inner layer is sleeved on said central shaft via spring damper and a

steel pipe.

[0016] Further, an energy-absorbing material is filled between said rigid inner layer and said

central shaft.

[0017] Further, the surface of said flexible outer layer is provided with anti-skid texture.

DESCRIPTION

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the

invention discloses a new type of derailment blocking system for high-speed trains, which

employs the design philosophy of impact energy conversion and "turning plugging into

dredging" and adopts a flexible protection device. The effectiveness and feasibility of the

invention has been proved in the field like ship-bridge collision and other relevant industries

and can effectively make for the deficiency in passive safety protection of train derailment.

The setup of blocking system will not change original lines in that it can be mounted on both

existing lines and new lines, on full lines and on some dangerous area (through curves and

turnouts). The whole system is simple in structure, has strong operability and universality,

effectively blocking derailed train and preventing secondary disaster so as to protect the train

and passengers.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] FIG.1 is the structural diagram of the invention;

[0020] FIG.2 is the structural diagram illustrating the passive protection blocking device in

the invention;

[0021] FIG.3 is the structural diagram of the rotating structure in the invention;

[0022] in the figures: 1-passive protection blocking device, 2-support structure, 3-rotating

structure, 31-central shaft, 32-roller body, 321-flexible outer layer, 322-rigid inner layer,

323-spring damper, 324-energy absorbing material.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0023] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present

invention more apparent, the invention is further described in detail hereinafter with

reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described

herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.

[0024] In the description of the invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length",

"width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top",

"bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., which indicate orientations or positional relationships based

on those shown in the drawings are merely for convenience of description and simplification

of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must

DESCRIPTION have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

[0025] Embodiment 1

[0026] As seen from FIG.1-FIG.3, the invention discloses a derailment blocking system for high-speed train based on impact energy conversion comprising a plurality of passive protection blocking devices 1 arranged on two sides of a high-speed lines which can effectively blocking derailed train and preventing secondary disaster so as to protect the train and passengers;

[0027] In the embodiment, in order to reduce the impact between the train and the blocking system when impact occurs, said passive protection blocking devices 1 comprise a rigid support structure 2 and a flexible rotating structure 3, wherein the rotating structure 3 is installed on said support structure 2, and the support structure 2 is fixed on two sides of the high-speed lines;

[0028] In the embodiment, said rotating structure 3 comprises a central shaft 31 and a roller body 32 sleeved on the central shaft.

[0029] In the embodiment, said support structure 2 includes a base and a roof mount and the two ends of said central shaft 31 are respectively fixedly connected with the base and the roof mount to cooperate with the rotating structure 3 so as to play a better role in energy dissipation and conversion;

[0030] Preferably, said support structure is made of steel to guarantee strength of the support structure.

[0031] Based on the conversion and dissipation of impact energy, the anti-collision material has lower structural dynamic generalized wave impedance and has certain strength; said roller body 32 comprises a rigid inner layer 322 and a flexible outer layer 321, and the flexible outer layer 321 is fixed on said rigid inner layer 322.

[0032] In the embodiment, the fact that said rigid inner layer 322 is sleeved on said central shaft 31 via spring damper 323 and a steel pipe is to prevent the passive protection blocking device from being seriously deformed and damaged and to perform the buffering and energy-absorbing functions when the passive blocking device is subjected to a high-strength

DESCRIPTION impact load.

[0033] In order to enhance the energy-absorbing and dissipating function of the rotating structure 3, an energy-absorbing material 324 is filled between said rigid inner layer 322 and said central shaft 31.

[0034] In the embodiment, in order to enable the high-speed train and the-passive protection blocking device 1 to generate rolling friction, the surface of said flexible outer layer is provided with anti-skid texture.

[0035] In the embodiment, on the premise of not influencing the normal operation of the train, corresponding protective blocking devices are arranged on two sides of high-speed lines (overpasses, sections with complex line condition and the like) so that an integral blocking system is formed outside the boundary of the high-speed train running;

[0036] As the train has a larger kinetic energy/momentum when running at high speed, the impact energy is hardly dissipated in a short time when the train collides with the protection system at higher speed, so it is not practical for the traditional high-strength protection structure to resist the huge energy generated by the train and hard to block the train when the train collides.

[0037] The main principle of the derailment blocking system proposed by the invention is based on the conversion and dissipation of impact energy; the blocking system has unique structural design and material configuration which adopts a flexible rotating structure 3 and a novel high-strength wear-resisting composite material and simultaneously requires that the anti-collision material has lower structural dynamic generalized wave impedance in order to reduce the impact force when a train collides with the blocking system. The flexible rotating structure 3 can be supported and positioned via an upper steel structure and a lower steel structure, so that the energy dissipation and conversion functions can be better played by cooperating with the rotating structure 3 in the middle;

[0038] when the derailment accident happens and the train collides with the guardrail due to various reasons, the blocking system can convert huge energy during collision into structural rotational kinetic energy and dissipates by using a viscous energy dissipation mechanism, and the special design of the rotating structure 3 can greatly absorb the impact force and reduce the impact energy, so that the occurrence of a secondary disaster after the train derailment is

DESCRIPTION avoided, and the train and drivers and passengers are most possibly protected.

[0039] Embodiment 2

[0040] As shown in FIG.1, corresponding protection blocking devices are arranged on two sides of a high-speed lines, when a high-speed train collides against the protection blocking devices due to a collision or other factors, the rotating structures 3 in the guardrail can rub against the surface of the train, then the rotating structures 3 rotates and roll around the axis to convert the huge energy in the impact process into kinetic energy in the rotation process, thus realizing the energy conversion, buffering and dissipating the energy, and prolonging the impact duration.

[0041] The impact force originally concentrated in one area is dispersed on the outer surface of the whole rotating structure 3 so that the possibility that the protection device is damaged after being hit is reduced, realizing purpose of blocking the derailed train.

[0042] As shown in FIG.3, the rotating structure 3 internally consists of a flexible outer layer 321 and a rigid inner layer 322; the roller body 32 and the central shaft 31 are connected via a device composed of a spring damper 323 and a steel pipe wherein the steel pipe is filled with a lightweight porous energy-absorbing material 324 so as to prevent the rotating structure 3 from being seriously deformed and damaged and to perform the buffering and energy-absorbing functions when the rotating structure 3 is subjected to a high-strength impact load, and the spring with high rigidity can achieve the purpose of positioning and supporting the rotating structure 3.

[0043] In order to reduce the acting force between the train and the blocking device, a flexible (lower structural dynamic generalized wave impedance) device is adopted outside the rotating structure 3; in addition, the rotating structure 3 does not only play a role in impact energy conversion, but also has certain energy absorption and energy dissipation functions;

[0044] The core component of the blocking system is the flexible rotating structure 3 which is designed to meet the requirements of rigid inside and flexible outside in space and soft first and hard later in time when colliding with a train to realize purpose of energy dissipation and conversion, as shown in FIG.3. Therefore, the action time can be prolonged when the train collides with the rotating structure 3, and according to the momentum theorem that when the

DESCRIPTION momentum change is constant, increasing the action time of the force can reduce the impact

force, thereby playing a role in protecting the train; however, at the same time, ensuring the

strength and rigidity of the structure is also needed for it can help resist the impact of the

high-speed train under huge impact energy without damaging the structure;

[0045] From the perspective of energy and momentum exchange, the process of collision

between a train and a protection device is a dynamics process for energy/momentum transfer

and exchange in a short time; the work done by the impact force is converted into the sum of

deformation energy (internal energy) and kinetic energy through stress waves, and the higher

the irreversible part in the deformation energy is, the larger the integral effect of the blocking

device has, and more favorable to the energy buffering and dissipation effect exerted by the

anti-collision device. The kinetic energy of the train collision can be expressed as E = 1MV 2

, 2

and according to the energy conservation before and after the collision, conclusion can be

drawn that E = E± + E 2 +E +E4wherein E1 is the energy absorbed by the blocking device, E2

is the energy absorbed by the train deformation, E3 is the energy dissipated by the rotating

structure 3 as a result of its conversion, and E4 is the energy dissipated by friction between

the collision interfaces of the train and the blocking device. Therefore, in order to effectively

protect the safety of derailed trains and drivers and passengers, the proportion of energy Ei

and E3 in the conversion of the total energy is the largest which means that the key to the

design is to let the blocking device take away residual kinetic energy as much as possible;

[0046] The viscous energy dissipation can buffer the impact process of the train and the

blocking device, prolong the impact duration, and further create favorable conditions for the

train to turn and slide away and take away residual kinetic energy as much as possible in a

low stress state after the train is in frictional collision with the rotating structure 3, so that it

can has impact flexibility in the sense of the low wave impedance and the viscous energy

dissipation mechanism in the sense of buffering the impact process.

[0047] In conclusion, the design of the train derailment blocking device follows the following

scientific concepts: ( by means of the idea of "turning plugging into dredging", the

conversion of huge impact energy is realized mainly by energy conversion and assisted by

energy absorption and energy dissipation; @ a protection device (the rotating structure 3)

DESCRIPTION with rigidity, flexibility, high strength and wear resistance is adopted; @ the train can slide

away as soon as possible after colliding with the protection device, the collision concentrated

force converted into distributed load and simultaneously the residual kinetic energy taken

away as much as possible; @ impact flexibility in the sense of the low wave impedance and

the viscous energy dissipation mechanism in the sense of buffering the impact process.

[0048] The invention and its embodiments have been described above, but the description is

not limited thereto; only two embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, and

the actual structure is not limited thereto. In general, it is to be understood by those skilled in

the art that non-creative design of structural forms and embodiments that are similar to the

technical solutions without departing from the spirit of the invention shall all fall within the

protective scope of the invention.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A derailment blocking system for high-speed train based on impact energy conversion, comprising a plurality of passive protection blocking devices arranged on two sides of high-speed lines.
2. The derailment blocking system of claim 1 wherein said passive protection blocking devices comprise a rigid support structure and a flexible rotating structure, wherein the rotating structure is installed on said support structure, and the support structure is fixed on two sides of the high-speed lines.
3. The derailment blocking system of claim 2 wherein said rotating structure comprises a central shaft and a roller body sleeved on the central shaft.
4. The derailment blocking system of claim 3 wherein said support structure includes a base and a roof mount and the two ends of said central shaft are respectively fixedly connected with the base and the roof mount.
5. The derailment blocking system of claim 4 wherein said support structure is made of steel.
6. The derailment blocking system of claim 3 wherein said roller body comprises a rigid inner layer and a flexible outer layer, and the flexible outer layer is fixed on said rigid inner layer.
7. The derailment blocking system of claim 6 wherein said rigid inner layer is sleeved on said central shaft via spring damper and a steel pipe.
8. The derailment blocking system of claim 7 wherein an energy-absorbing material is filled between said rigid inner layer and said central shaft.
9. The derailment blocking system of claim 6 wherein the surface of said flexible outer layer is provided with anti-skid texture.

D R AW I N G S 28 Jun 2020 2020101174

FIG. 1

FIG. 2

D R AW I N G S 28 Jun 2020 2020101174

FIG. 3