AU2002301487A1 - A wall panel and wall structure - Google Patents
A wall panel and wall structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2002301487A1 AU2002301487A1 AU2002301487A AU2002301487A AU2002301487A1 AU 2002301487 A1 AU2002301487 A1 AU 2002301487A1 AU 2002301487 A AU2002301487 A AU 2002301487A AU 2002301487 A AU2002301487 A AU 2002301487A AU 2002301487 A1 AU2002301487 A1 AU 2002301487A1
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- lightweight concrete
- panel
- panels
- wall
- cement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
- E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
- E04B2/06—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
- E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
- E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Description
II
AUSTRALIA
Patents Act 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR A STANDARD PATENT
ORIGINAL
Name of Applicant: Actual Inventor: Address for Service: Invention Title: SOL-U-WALL SYSTEMS PTY LIMITED Frederick Michael Miniter HODGKINSON OLD McINNES Patent Trade Mark Attorneys Level 3, 20 Alfred Street MILSONS POINT NSW 2061 A Wall Panel and Wall Structure The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best methodl of performing it known to us: 3371A A WALL PANEL AND WALL STRUCTURE TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a lightweight concrete panel for use as an outer layer of a dwelling wall and a dwelling wall comprising such a lightweight concrete panel.
BACKGROUND
In Australia many conventional dwellings have brick veneer walls that typically comprise a structural frame having an outer layer of bricks and an inner layer of plasterboard liner.
In recent years such walls have been constructed with insulation foil disposed therein.
The use of the insulation foil increases the thermal resistance of the dwelling wall and results in a far more energy efficient home. Whilst many home builders and the general public at large are becoming more aware of the advantages of energy efficient homes, their cost of construction are still quite considerable, particularly due to the labour and materials handling required.
The present invention seeks to provide a lightweight concrete panel that can be used in the construction of a dwelling wall that has a thermal resistance greater than that of a brick veneer wall, and is relatively simple to construct.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION According to a first aspect the present invention consists in a lightweight concrete panel for use as an outer layer of a dwelling wall, said panel made of concrete mix of cement, sand, BST lightweight concrete aggregate, superplasticiser and water, said concrete mix having a nominal density in the range of 500 to 1500kg/m 3 Preferably said superplasticiser proportion comprises of 0.5-1.5 of cement by weight.
Preferably said water/cement ratio is 0.30- 0.35 by weight of cement.
Preferably said panel has a backing sheet of polystyrene affixed thereto.
2 3371A Preferably said lightweight concrete panel is about 50mm thick and said polystyrene backingisheet adhered thereto is about 10mm thick.
Preferably said panel has at least a first edge having a groove and at least a second edge having a tongue, such that it can be engaged in a tongue and groove relationship with one or more like panels.
According to a second aspect the present invention consists in a dwelling wall comprising a structural frame of spaced apart studs and noggings disposed between an outer layer of lightweight concrete panels and an inner layer of plasterboard liner, and wherein said lightweight concrete panels are made of a concrete mix having a nominal density in the range of 500 to 1500kg/m 3 Preferably said lightweight concrete panels are made of a concrete mix of cement, sand, BST Aggregate, superplasticiser and water.
Preferably the proportion of said superplasticiser comprises of 0.5-1.5 of cement by weight.
Preferably said water/cement ratio is 0.30- 0.35 by weight of cement.
Preferably at least one of said lightweight concrete panels having a polystyrene backing sheet affixed thereto.
Preferably said at least one of said lightweight concrete panels is about 50mm thick and said polystyrene backing sheet is adhered thereto is about 10mm thick.
Preferably said at least one of said lightweight concrete panels has at least a first edge having a groove and at least a second edge having a tongue, such it can be engaged in a tongue and groove relationship with one or more like panels.
Preferably a panel clip is secured to said structural frame and adapted to engage with said at least one of said lightweight concrete panels and an adjacent like panel at the junction of their respective tongue and groove relationship.
Fl 3371A Preferably at least one first foil member is disposed within said structural frame between said spaced apart studs and noggings.
Preferably said first foil member is a concertina foil batt.
Preferably at least one second foil member is disposed between said layer of lightweight concrete panels and said structural frame.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is an perspective cut-away corner view of an embodiment of a dwelling wall in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan sectional view of the dwelling wall shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a standard lightweight concrete panel used in the construction of the dwelling wall shown in Fig 1; Figs. 4a and 4b depict perspective views of corner lightweight concrete panels used in the construction of the dwelling wall shown in Fig 1; is a perspective view of a panel clip used in the construction of the dwelling wall shown in Fig 1.
MODE OF CARRYING OUT INVENTION Figures 1 and 2 illustrate, in a simplified schematic figure, the construction of a dwelling wall 1 having a structural frame comprising of wooden studs 2 and noggings 3. In this embodiment the studs 2 and noggings 3 are preferably 100 x 50 pine, but in other embodiments may be of different size, timber or material.
The inner layer of dwelling wall 1 comprises of conventional plasterboard liner 4, which is typically about 13mm thick, attached to the structural frame of studs 2 and noggings 3.
Fl 3371A The outer layer of dwelling wall 1 comprises of a plurality of lightweight concrete panels 5b, Sc, 5d and 5e. Each standard panel 5a and corner panel 5b is about 600mm x 300mm ,x 60mm, whilst smaller corner panel 5c is about 300mm x 300mm x All panels 5a-c have a tongue 6a along their upper horizontal extent and a groove 7a extending along their lower horizontal extent, for horizontal stacked engagement in tongue and groove relationship with other like panels 5a-c. The standard panels 5a also have a tongue 6b and groove 7b disposed oppositely to each other along their vertical edges, for vertical abutment in tongue and groove relationship with other like panels The corner panels 5b and 5c vary on the vertical edges, in that the groove 7b is replaced by a flat, face 7c. It should be noted that in Figs 4a and 4b the corner panels shown are for starting at left and travelling right, however, corner panels starting at right and travelling left 5d and 5e, vary from panel 5a by replacing the tongue 6b by a flat face.
Panel clips 8 secured to studs 2 at 450-600mm spacing by nail or screw fasteners, are used to secure panels 5a-c to the structural frame. Each panel clip 8 has a back portion 9 adapted ,to sit flush against the stud 2 to which it is secured. The ledge portion 10 which projects Ifrom back portion 9, is adapted to engage with adjacent lightweight concrete panels 5a-c at the junction of their substantially horizontal respective tongue 6a and groove 7a.
Concertina (or zig-zag) foil batts 11 are disposed within the structural frame between the inner layer of plasterboard liner 4 and outer layer lightweight concrete panels 5a-e. One suitable type of batt 11 is the commercially available Renfoil aluminium concertina batt.
Also a second layer of foil sheet 12, as shown in Fig. 2, but removed for purposes of clarity from Fig. 1, is attached to the studs 2 of the structural frame, preferably dished a minimum of 25mm. A suitable type of foil sheet 12 is the commercially available Renfoil aluminiumrn foil sheet.
The lower portion of wall 1 has an apron 14 which extends downwardly from a 100 x HWD plate 15. The apron 14 does not extend to the ground line. A mesh 17, preferably 3371A of stainless steel covers the gap between apron 14 and the ground, and is affixed to pine fixing plate 18. Flashing 16 is placed between the bottom row of panels and plate The lightweight concrete panels 5a-c are manufactured by moulding and in this embodiment are preferably moulded to a thickness of about 50mm. Once the panels are moulded they each have a polystyrene sheet 13 of about 8-12mm adhered to their back.
The panels are then cured in racks. The resulting thickness of the panels in this embodiment is about 60mm. In an alternative embodiment, the polystyrene sheet 13 may be affixed to the panel during moulding/casting.
The concrete mix used to make the panels 5a-c is extremely lightweight. Generally speaking, "lightweight" is typically regarded as low-density concrete of less than 2100 kg/m 3 using lightweight aggregate (scoria) or BST (Polystyrene Beads).
In the present invention the concrete mix used to make the panels has a density substantially less than 2100 kg/m 3 and preferably in the range of 500-1500 kg/m 3 More preferably the density of the concrete mix is in the range 700-1200 kg/m 3 The concrete mix comprises cement, sand, BST lightweight concrete aggregate, a high range superplasliciser and water.
Examples of suitable mixes are shown in the table below.
Nominal Density 1200 kg/m 3 800 kg/m 3 700 kg/m 3 Materials Type GP Cement 40kg 40kg Fine sand 55kg 24kg BST lightweight 70 litres 110 litres 120 litres concrete aggregate Superplasticiser 295ml 295ml 295ml Water 13.0 litres 13.0 litres 13.0 litres Fl 3371A Whilst in the abovementioned examples the cement used is General Purpose Cement (Type GP), other types of cement such as High Early Strength Cement (Type HE), or blended cements including slag or fly ash blends may be used.
In the abovementioned examples the sand weights are measured as "saturated, surface dry".
In the abovementioned examples the proportion of superplasticiser is 0.8% of cement by weight, but may vary from 0.5% to The preferred proportion of 0.8% is based on using the commercially available Sika ViscoCrete® -5 superplasticiser. In other embodiments other brands of superplasticiser may be used.
In the abovementioned examples water quantity is designed to achieve a water/cement ratio in the range of 0.30 -0.35 by weight of cement. This low water/cement ratio is used to optimise concrete strengths and to suit compaction of the concrete.
An advantage of constructing a dwelling wall utilising lightweight concrete panels as described above, is that the wall will have a thermal resistance at least twice that of a conventional brick veneer wall incorporating foil insulation, thereby making the dwelling more energy efficient. A further advantage of the dwelling wall utilising such lightweight concrete panels is that its weight/mass is considerably less than a brick veneer wall and may be constructed faster and with less skilled labour than a brick veneer wall, thereby reducing the overall cost for constructing the dwelling.
A further advantage is that the concrete panels as described above have suitable aesthetic appeal and look somewhat like a sandstone finish.
The term "comprising" and its grammatical variations as used herein is used in the inclusive sense of "having" or "including" and not in the exhaustive sense of "consisting of'.
Claims (19)
1. A lightweight concrete panel for use as an outer layer of a dwelling wall, said panel made of concrete mix of cement, sand, BST lightweight concrete aggregate, superplasticiser and water, said concrete mix having a nominal density in the range of 500 to 1500kg/m 3
2. A lightweight concrete panel as claimed in claim 1 wherein said superplasticiser proportion comprises of 0.5-1.5 of cement by weight.
3. A lightweight concrete panel as claimed in claims 1 or 2 wherein said water/cement ratio is 0.30- 0.35 by weight of cement.
4. A lightweight concrete panel as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein said panel has a backing sheet of polystyrene affixed thereto.
A lightweight concrete panel as claimed in claim 4 wherein said lightweight concrete panel is about 50mm thick and said polystyrene backing sheet is about thick.
6. A lightweight concrete panel as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein said panel has at least a first edge having a groove and at least a second edge having a tongue, such that it can be engaged in a tongue and groove relationship with one or more like panels.
7. A dwelling wall comprising a structural frame of spaced apart studs and noggings disposed between an outer layer of lightweight concrete panels and an inner layer of plasterboard liner, and wherein said lightweight concrete panels are made of a concrete mix having a nominal density in the range of 500 to 1500kg/m 3 L~ 3371A
8. A dwelling wall as claimed in claim 7 wherein said lightweight concrete panels are made of a concrete mix of cement, sand, BST lightweight concrete aggregate, superplasticiser and water.
9. A dwelling wall as claimed in claim 8 wherein the proportion of said superplasticiser comprises of 0.5-1.5 of cement by weight.
A dwelling wall as claimed in claims 8 or 9 wherein said water/cement ratio is 0.30- 0.35 by weight of cement.
11. A dwelling wall as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 10 wherein at least one of said lightweight concrete panels has a polystyrene backing sheet affixed thereto.
12. A dwelling wall as claimed in claim 11 wherein said at least one of said lightweight concrete panels is about 50mm thick and said polystyrene backing sheet is about 10mm thick.
13. A dwelling wall as claimed in anyone of claims 7 to 12 wherein said at least one of said lightweight concrete panels has at least a first edge having a groove and at least a second edge having a tongue, such it can be engaged in a tongue and groove relationship with one or more like panels.
14. A dwelling wall as claimed in claim 13 wherein a panel clip is secured to said structural frame and adapted to engage with said at least one of said lightweight concrete panels and an adjacent like panel at the junction of their respective tongue and groove relationship.
A dwelling wall as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 14, wherein at least one first foil member is disposed within said structural frame between said spaced apart studs and noggings. 3371A
16. A dwelling wall as claimed in claim 15, wherein said first foil member is a concertina foil batt.
17. A dwelling wall as claimed in claims 7 to 16, wherein at least one second foil member is disposed between said layer of lightweight concrete panels and said structural frame.
18. A lightweight concrete panel as substantially hereinbefore described and with reference to the accompanying figures.
19. A dwelling wall as substantially hereinbefore described and with reference to the accompanying figures. Dated this 16 th day of October 2002. SOL-U-WALL SYSTEMS PTY LIMITED BY: HODGKINSON OLD McINNES Patent Attorneys for the Applicant
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2002301487A AU2002301487A1 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2002-10-16 | A wall panel and wall structure |
NZ528803A NZ528803A (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2003-10-13 | A wall panel and wall structure |
US10/727,564 US20040148890A1 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2003-12-05 | Wall panel and wall structure |
AU2006246443A AU2006246443B2 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2006-11-29 | A Wall Panel and Wall Structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2002301487A AU2002301487A1 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2002-10-16 | A wall panel and wall structure |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AU2006246443A Division AU2006246443B2 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2006-11-29 | A Wall Panel and Wall Structure |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
AU2002301487A1 true AU2002301487A1 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
Family
ID=32739159
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AU2002301487A Abandoned AU2002301487A1 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2002-10-16 | A wall panel and wall structure |
AU2006246443A Ceased AU2006246443B2 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2006-11-29 | A Wall Panel and Wall Structure |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AU2006246443A Ceased AU2006246443B2 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2006-11-29 | A Wall Panel and Wall Structure |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040148890A1 (en) |
AU (2) | AU2002301487A1 (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ528803A (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6659463B2 (en) * | 1999-01-08 | 2003-12-09 | Thomas J. Mackey | Interconnecting miniature toy figurine bases with record tracking system |
US8752345B1 (en) * | 2004-06-07 | 2014-06-17 | Athas N. Kometas | Apparatus and method for framing windows and doors |
ITMI20042307A1 (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2005-02-28 | Marifon S R L | SOUND-INSULATING BLOCK |
DK2125367T3 (en) | 2007-01-16 | 2013-02-25 | Berry Plastics Corp | ENHANCED EXPLOSION RESISTANCE PROTECTION MOVIES AND PROCEDURES |
US20090004430A1 (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2009-01-01 | Cummins Toney K | Reinforced elastomeric configuration tailored to meet a user's requirements for protecting a structure and a structure comprised thereof |
US20110005695A1 (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2011-01-13 | Nicholas Boone | Transportable Modular System Permitting Isolation of Assets |
CN102071758A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-05-25 | 上海朗诗建筑科技有限公司 | Watertight building structure system |
US20120186178A1 (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2012-07-26 | Gregory Westra | Wall insulation system and a method of installing the same |
US9790406B2 (en) | 2011-10-17 | 2017-10-17 | Berry Plastics Corporation | Impact-resistant film |
US10626599B2 (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2020-04-21 | David NEGEV | Interlocking masonry brick |
CN108547394A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-09-18 | 李忠杰 | A kind of external wall |
CN115506522A (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2022-12-23 | 中国建筑第四工程局有限公司 | Curtain wall invisible water distribution mechanism and construction method |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3867244A (en) * | 1971-12-22 | 1975-02-18 | Boeing Co | Insulation and condensation control blanket |
US3845593A (en) * | 1972-09-12 | 1974-11-05 | G Zen | Lightweight concrete panel |
CA1056178A (en) * | 1976-01-19 | 1979-06-12 | Morris Schupack | Reinforced panel structures and methods for producing them |
US4314431A (en) * | 1979-12-31 | 1982-02-09 | S & M Block System Of U.S. Corporation | Mortar-less interlocking building block system |
US4578915A (en) * | 1984-03-12 | 1986-04-01 | National Gypsum Company | Exterior wall |
US5713176A (en) * | 1995-10-25 | 1998-02-03 | Hunt; Donald Patrick | Combination metal and composite stud |
US5930964A (en) * | 1998-02-04 | 1999-08-03 | Boehning; John W. | Composite lightweight building element and methods of making and using same |
FR2825698B1 (en) * | 2001-06-07 | 2004-07-09 | Bpb Plc | PLATE BASED ON CEMENT BINDER, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH A PLATE, EXTRUDER FOR CARRYING OUT SUCH A METHOD, AND USE OF SUCH A PLATE |
-
2002
- 2002-10-16 AU AU2002301487A patent/AU2002301487A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2003
- 2003-10-13 NZ NZ528803A patent/NZ528803A/en unknown
- 2003-12-05 US US10/727,564 patent/US20040148890A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2006
- 2006-11-29 AU AU2006246443A patent/AU2006246443B2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2006246443B2 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
NZ528803A (en) | 2004-08-27 |
AU2006246443A1 (en) | 2006-12-21 |
US20040148890A1 (en) | 2004-08-05 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MK1 | Application lapsed section 142(2)(a) - no request for examination in relevant period |