WO2019114669A1 - 一种天线装置及通信装置 - Google Patents

一种天线装置及通信装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019114669A1
WO2019114669A1 PCT/CN2018/120141 CN2018120141W WO2019114669A1 WO 2019114669 A1 WO2019114669 A1 WO 2019114669A1 CN 2018120141 W CN2018120141 W CN 2018120141W WO 2019114669 A1 WO2019114669 A1 WO 2019114669A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antennas
antenna
polarization
directional
polarization direction
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/120141
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
熊伟
谢波
程竹林
贺强
李永久
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP18889927.2A priority Critical patent/EP3716399A4/en
Priority to BR112020011541-0A priority patent/BR112020011541A2/pt
Publication of WO2019114669A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019114669A1/zh
Priority to US16/898,007 priority patent/US20200303835A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/108—Combination of a dipole with a plane reflecting surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/29—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/001—Crossed polarisation dual antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/002—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns providing at least two patterns of different beamwidth; Variable beamwidth antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/10—Polarisation diversity; Directional diversity

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to an antenna device and a communication device.
  • CPE Customer Premise Equipment
  • the outdoor terminal needs to be aligned with the base station.
  • the directional antenna design is generally used to increase the gain. Therefore, the installer needs to have certain professional ability to align the main lobe of the directional antenna to the base station to obtain optimal performance. . Therefore, if the installation is not aligned, it is generally considered that the CPE adopts an omnidirectional antenna design, but the gain of the omnidirectional antenna is relatively low, thereby reducing the performance of the antenna.
  • the outdoor terminal uses a rotatable directional antenna, the built-in motor is required to drive the antenna to rotate, thereby rotating to the optimal direction. Due to the presence of the built-in motor, the size of the outdoor type terminal is increased, which increases the difficulty of installation. At the same time, the built-in motor rotation brings the contact of the RF connector, which reduces the reliability of the antenna.
  • the present application provides an antenna device and a communication device for reducing the installation complexity of an outdoor terminal and improving the gain of the antenna.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an antenna apparatus, including: N antenna ports, and M directional polarization antennas, M is K times of 4, and N is an integer multiple of 4, and N and M are integers greater than 0, K Is an even number greater than 0;
  • the M directional polarization antennas are evenly distributed on four sides of a square, each surface includes K directional polarization antennas, and the polarization direction of K/2 directional polarization antennas in each plane is the first pole Direction of polarization, the polarization direction of the K/2 directional polarization antennas is the second polarization direction;
  • the K directional polarization antennas having the same polarization direction are combined into one way, and are connected to one of the N antenna ports. And each of the N antenna ports is connected to K directional polarization antennas.
  • the communication device using the antenna device can receive radio frequency signals through directional polarization antennas in different directions. Therefore, while ensuring the antenna gain, the adjustment of the antenna is reduced, and the complexity of the antenna installation is reduced.
  • each of the K directional polarization antennas included in each face is superposed on each other.
  • the volume of the antenna device can be reduced, the flexibility of the antenna installation can be improved, and the complexity of the antenna installation can be reduced.
  • each of the K directional polarization antennas included in each face is independently distributed on the face.
  • the K directional polarization antennas included in each plane are independent, the interference between the antennas can be reduced, and the antenna gain can be improved.
  • the first polarization direction is -45°, and the second polarization direction is +45°; or, the first polarization direction is a horizontal polarization direction, and the second polarization direction is a vertical polarization direction.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including any of the antenna devices described above.
  • the communication device further includes a processor
  • the processor is configured to obtain P signal measurement values measured by each of the M directional polarization antennas in a preset time period, where P is an integer greater than 0;
  • the average of the P signal measurements corresponding to one directional polarization antenna in the X directional polarization antennas is greater than the P signal measurement values corresponding to one of the directional polarization antennas currently used by the communication device.
  • the average value is equal to the first preset threshold, the Y directional polarization antennas having the largest average value of the P signal measurement values among the M directional polarization antennas are used as the transmitting antennas;
  • Y is less than or equal to M, and Y is greater than or equal to 1.
  • the X directional polarization antennas are directional polarization antennas of the M directional polarization antennas except for the currently used transmitting antenna of the communication device. , X is an integer greater than zero.
  • the signal measurement value is a reference signal received power RSRP or a received signal strength indicator RSSI or a signal to interference plus noise ratio SINR.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an antenna apparatus, including: M antennas, where the M antennas include two omnidirectional antennas and 2 ⁇ L directional polarization antennas, where L is an integer greater than 0;
  • the two omnidirectional antennas are respectively distributed on two opposite sides of the square, and each omnidirectional antenna is connected to one antenna port;
  • the 2 ⁇ L directional polarization antennas are evenly distributed on the other two faces of the square, and the 2 ⁇ L directional polarization antennas include L first directional polarization antennas and L firsts.
  • a directional polarization antenna in a bipolar polarization direction wherein the directional polarization antennas in the L first polarization directions are combined and connected to one antenna port, and the directional polarization antennas in the L second polarization directions are combined Connected to another antenna port;
  • one of the 4 antenna ports being connected to an omnidirectional antenna or to L directional polarized antennas having the same polarization direction.
  • the antenna device includes a directional polarization antenna and an omnidirectional antenna, and the omnidirectional antenna can receive the RF signal in all directions, and the directional antenna can obtain a better antenna gain in a certain direction, and the antenna gain is reduced while ensuring the antenna gain.
  • the adjustment of the antenna reduces the complexity of the antenna installation and can achieve multi-stream performance.
  • M is 4 and L is 1.
  • the antenna reflectors of the two directional polarization antennas are respectively independent; or the two directional polarization antennas share an antenna reflector, and the two directional polarization antennas are respectively located at the antenna reflection On both sides of the board.
  • the 2 ⁇ L directional polarized antennas and the two omnidirectional antennas all overlap or partially overlap or do not overlap in a space of a vertical dimension.
  • the first polarization direction is -45°, and the second polarization direction is +45°; or, the first polarization direction is a horizontal polarization direction, and the second polarization direction is a vertical polarization direction.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an antenna apparatus, including: M antennas, where the M antennas include two omnidirectional antennas and 4 ⁇ L directional polarization antennas, and L is an integer greater than 0; the 4 ⁇ L The directional polarization antenna includes 2 ⁇ L first polarization directions as directional polarization antennas and 2 ⁇ L second polarization directions as directional polarization antennas;
  • the two omnidirectional antennas are respectively distributed on two opposite sides of the square, and each omnidirectional antenna is connected to one antenna port;
  • the 4 ⁇ L directional polarization antennas are evenly distributed on the four sides of the square, and the directional polarization antennas with the same polarization direction in the 4 ⁇ L directional polarization antennas are combined with one antenna port. connection;
  • one of the 4 antenna ports being connected to an omnidirectional antenna or 2 ⁇ L directional polarization antennas having the same polarization direction.
  • the antenna device includes a directional polarization antenna and an omnidirectional antenna, and the omnidirectional antenna can receive the radio frequency signal in all directions, and each side of the square includes a directional antenna, so that the directional antenna can pass through each plane in a certain direction.
  • M is 6 and L is 2.
  • the 4 ⁇ L directional polarization antennas and the two omnidirectional antennas all overlap or partially overlap or do not overlap in a space of a vertical dimension.
  • the first polarization direction is -45°, and the second polarization direction is +45°; or, the first polarization direction is a horizontal polarization direction, and the second polarization direction is a vertical polarization direction.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a scenario applicable to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIGS. 2(a) to 2(c) are schematic structural diagrams of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 3(a) to 3(c) are schematic structural diagrams of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIGS. 4(a) to 4(e) are schematic structural diagrams of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 5(a) to 5(e) are schematic structural diagrams of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 6(a) to 6(c) are schematic structural diagrams of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of antenna switching according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 it is a schematic diagram of a scenario applicable to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the outdoor CPE is installed on the roof or the external wall, converts the RF signal sent by the received base station into a digital signal, and accesses the router in the house through the network cable; converts the digital signal received from the network cable into a radio frequency.
  • the signal is sent to the base station.
  • the coverage area of the base station can be increased and the cost of the station can be reduced.
  • the present application provides an antenna device, which can reduce the installation complexity of the CPE, improve the gain of the antenna, and the Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) performance, which is described in detail below.
  • MIMO Multiple-Input Multiple-Output
  • the antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present application includes N antenna ports, and M directional polarization antennas, M is K times of 4, and N is an integer multiple of 4, and N and M are greater than An integer of 0, K is an even number greater than zero.
  • the M directional polarization antennas are evenly distributed on four sides of the square, each surface includes K directional polarization antennas, and the polarization direction of the K/2 directional polarization antennas in each plane is In a polarization direction, the polarization direction of the K/2 directional polarization antennas is the second polarization direction.
  • the K antennas having the same polarization direction are combined into one way, and are connected to one of the N antenna ports, and Each of the N antenna ports is connected to K directional polarization antennas.
  • first polarization direction is -45° and the second polarization direction is +45°; or, the first polarization direction is a horizontal polarization direction, and the second polarization direction is a vertical polarization direction.
  • FIG. 2(a) is a schematic diagram of a directional polarization antenna of any one of the four faces of a square, the directional polarization antennas in each face are superposed on each other, and each face includes a first pole A directional polarization antenna in the direction of polarization and a directional polarization antenna in the second polarization direction.
  • Figure 2(b) is an overall schematic view of eight directional polarization antennas. In Figure 2(b), the antenna ports are not shown. The eight directional polarized antennas are evenly distributed on four sides of the square.
  • each of the directional polarization antennas may be located on the antenna reflection plate, that is, the four sides of the square are composed of four antenna reflection plates.
  • Fig. 2(c) shows a top view of eight directional polarization antennas with directional polarization antennas 1 to directional polarization antennas 8 distributed on four sides.
  • N and M can be referred to the above description, and are not illustrated here.
  • each of the K directional polarization antennas included in each face is independently distributed on the face.
  • FIG. 3(a) is a schematic diagram of a directional polarization antenna which is one of four faces of a square, and the directional polarization antennas in each face are independently distributed on the face, and each face includes one A directional polarization antenna in one polarization direction and a directional polarization antenna in a second polarization direction.
  • Figure 3(b) is an overall schematic view of eight directional polarization antennas. In Figure 3(b), the antenna ports are not shown. The eight directional polarized antennas are evenly distributed on four sides of the square.
  • each of the directional polarization antennas may be located on the antenna reflection plate, that is, the four sides of the square are composed of four antenna reflection plates.
  • Fig. 3(c) shows a top view of eight directional polarization antennas with directional polarization antennas 1 to directional polarization antennas 8 distributed on four sides.
  • N and M can be referred to the above description, and are not illustrated here.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, which includes any of the above-mentioned antenna devices, and the communication device may be a device such as a CPE.
  • the communication device receives the radio frequency signal by using M directional polarization antennas when receiving the radio frequency signal; the communication device receives the radio frequency signal by using Y directional polarization antennas of the M directional polarization antennas when transmitting the radio frequency signal, wherein Y Less than or equal to M.
  • the communication device further includes a processor.
  • the processor is configured to perform the following actions:
  • the average of the P signal measurements corresponding to one directional polarization antenna in the X directional polarization antennas is greater than the P signal measurement values corresponding to one of the directional polarization antennas currently used by the communication device.
  • the sum of the average value and the first preset threshold, or each of the P signal measurements corresponding to one of the directional polarization antennas in the X directional polarization antennas is greater than the current communication device.
  • the P signal measurement values of the M directional polarization antennas when the sum of the signal measurement values of one of the P signal measurement values corresponding to one of the transmit antennas used and the first preset threshold value
  • Y is less than or equal to M, and Y is greater than or equal to 1.
  • the X directional polarization antennas are directional polarization antennas of the M directional polarization antennas except for the currently used transmitting antenna of the communication device. , X is an integer greater than zero.
  • the communication device can transmit a radio frequency signal through the determined transmit antenna.
  • the signal measurement value is a Reference Signal Receiving Power (RSRP) or a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) or a signal to interference plus noise ratio ( (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio, SINR).
  • the communication device specifically determines the signal measurement value, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the polarization antenna is directional.
  • the communication device may receive P broadcast signals sent by the base station by using the directional polarization antenna, and obtain P RSRPs or RSSIs or SINRs according to P broadcast signals sent by the base station, thereby determining P corresponding to the directional polarization antennas. Signal measurement.
  • the value of the first preset threshold is greater than 0.
  • the first preset threshold may be inversely proportional to the value of P. That is, the larger the value of P is, the smaller the value of the first preset threshold is.
  • the number of transmit antennas is one.
  • the communication device acquires 10 signal measurement values respectively measured by each of the M directional polarization antennas in a preset time period; and one directional polarization antenna corresponding to the X directional polarization antennas
  • the average of the 10 signal measurements is greater than the average of the 10 signal measurements corresponding to the transmit antenna currently used by the communication device and the sum of the a1, and the average of the 10 signal measurements in the M directional polarization antennas
  • the directional polarization antenna having the largest value is used as the transmitting antenna; or the communication device acquires 20 signal measurement values respectively measured by each of the M directional polarization antennas in the preset time period;
  • the average of 20 signal measurements corresponding to one directional polarization antenna in the directional polarization antenna is greater than the sum of the average of 20 signal measurements corresponding to the transmit antenna currently used by the communication device and the sum of a2
  • the communication device adopts the above-mentioned transmitting antenna selection method while half-empting the above-mentioned antenna, and can obtain optimal uplink performance without adjusting the physical position of the antenna.
  • the antenna device of the present application may further include an omnidirectional antenna, and a second possible implementation manner.
  • the antenna device is provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the method includes: M antennas, wherein the M antennas include 2 omnidirectional antennas and 2 ⁇ L directional polarization antennas, L is an integer greater than 0; and 4 antenna ports.
  • the two omnidirectional antennas are respectively distributed on two opposite sides of the square, and each omnidirectional antenna is connected to one antenna port.
  • the 2 ⁇ L directional polarization antennas are evenly distributed on the other two faces of the square, and the 2 ⁇ L directional polarization antennas include L first directional polarization antennas and L firsts.
  • a directional polarization antenna in a bipolar polarization direction wherein the directional polarization antennas in the L first polarization directions are combined and connected to one antenna port, and the directional polarization antennas in the L second polarization directions are combined Connect to another antenna port.
  • the first polarization direction is -45°
  • the second polarization direction is +45°; or, the first polarization direction is a horizontal polarization direction, and the second polarization direction is a vertical polarization direction.
  • One of the four antenna ports is connected to one omnidirectional antenna or to L directional polarized antennas having the same polarization direction.
  • the specific implementation manner of the omnidirectional antenna is not limited.
  • the omnidirectional antenna may be composed of one or more vibrators, and the plurality of vibrators may be vertically placed in the array, or may be tilted separately. The angle of the array. If placed obliquely, the vibrators in the two omnidirectional antennas are tilted in opposite directions, such as +-45 degrees apart.
  • the omnidirectional antenna may also include other forms, and will not be exemplified one by one.
  • the directional polarization antennas distributed on two opposite sides of the square may share one antenna reflector, that is, the 2 ⁇ L directional polarization antennas are distributed on both sides of one antenna reflector.
  • the directional polarized antennas distributed on opposite sides of the square may also be distributed on different antenna reflectors.
  • the 2 ⁇ L directional polarized antennas and the two omnidirectional antennas all overlap or partially overlap or do not overlap in a space of a vertical dimension.
  • the antenna device includes two omnidirectional antennas and two directional polarization antennas.
  • 4(a) is a plan view of the antenna device.
  • two omnidirectional antennas are distributed on two opposite faces of the square, and two directional polarized antennas are distributed on the other two opposite faces of the square. on.
  • the two directional polarization antennas are distributed on different antenna reflectors.
  • 4(b) is a front view of the antenna device, and in FIG. 4(b), the directional polarized antenna and the omnidirectional antenna all overlap in a space of a vertical dimension.
  • Fig. 4(c) is a side view of the antenna device.
  • the directional polarized antenna can also be located at other locations, for example, as shown in Figure 4(d), which is a front view of another antenna device.
  • Figure 4(d) is a front view of another antenna device.
  • the directional polarized antenna and the omnidirectional antenna do not overlap in the space of the vertical dimension.
  • Fig. 4(e) is a side view of the antenna device.
  • the antenna device when M is 4 and L is 1, the antenna device includes two omnidirectional antennas and two directional polarization antennas, and two directional polarization antennas distributed on two opposite sides of the square share one antenna reflection. board.
  • Figure 5 (a) is a top view of the antenna device, in Figure 5 (a), two omnidirectional antennas are distributed on two opposite faces of the square, and two directional polarized antennas are distributed on the other two opposite faces of the square
  • the two directional polarization antennas share an antenna reflector and are distributed on both sides of the antenna reflector.
  • Fig. 5(b) is a front view of the antenna device, and in Fig. 5(b), the directional polarized antenna and the omnidirectional antenna all overlap in the space of the vertical dimension.
  • Fig. 5(c) is a side view of the antenna device.
  • the directional polarized antenna can also be located at other locations, for example, as shown in Figure 5(d), which is a front view of another antenna device.
  • Figure 5(d) is a front view of another antenna device.
  • the directional polarized antenna and the omnidirectional antenna do not overlap in the space of the vertical dimension.
  • Fig. 5(e) is a side view of the antenna device.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, which includes any of the above-mentioned antenna devices, and the communication device may be a device such as a CPE.
  • the communication device receives the radio frequency signal by using M antennas when receiving the radio frequency signal; when the communication device transmits the radio frequency signal, if the communication device only supports single antenna transmission, selecting a directional polarization antenna or an omnidirectional antenna as the transmitting antenna; If the communication device supports multi-antenna transmission, two or more antennas are selected from the M antennas as the transmitting antenna.
  • the communication device further includes a processor.
  • the processor is configured to perform the following actions:
  • An average value of P signal measurement values corresponding to one antenna in the X antennas is greater than an average value of P signal measurement values corresponding to one antenna of the currently used transmitting antennas of the communication device and a first preset threshold value And, the Y antennas having the largest average value of the P signal measurements among the M antennas are used as the transmitting antennas.
  • Y is less than or equal to M, and Y is greater than or equal to 1.
  • the X antennas are antennas other than the transmit antenna currently used by the communication device among the M antennas, and X is an integer greater than 0.
  • the communication device can transmit a radio frequency signal through the determined transmit antenna.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna apparatus, including: M antennas, where the M antennas include two omnidirectional antennas and 4 ⁇ L directional polarization antennas, where L is greater than An integer of 0; the 4 ⁇ L directional polarization antennas include 2 ⁇ L first polarization directions for directional polarization antennas, 2 ⁇ L second polarization directions for directional polarization antennas; 4 antenna ports One of the four antenna ports is connected to an omnidirectional antenna or to 2 ⁇ L directional polarization antennas having the same polarization direction.
  • the two omnidirectional antennas are respectively distributed on two opposite sides of the square, and each omnidirectional antenna is connected to one antenna port, and the 4 ⁇ L directional polarized antennas are evenly distributed on the four sides of the square. And the directional polarization antennas having the same polarization direction in the 4 ⁇ L directional polarization antennas are combined and connected to one antenna port.
  • the specific implementation manner of the omnidirectional antenna is not limited.
  • the omnidirectional antenna may be composed of one or more vibrators, and the plurality of vibrators may be vertically placed in the array, or may be tilted separately. The angle of the array. If placed obliquely, the vibrators in the two omnidirectional antennas are tilted in opposite directions, such as +-45 degrees apart.
  • the omnidirectional antenna may also include other forms, and will not be exemplified one by one.
  • the 4 ⁇ L directional polarized antennas and the two omnidirectional antennas all overlap or partially overlap or do not overlap in a space of a vertical dimension.
  • the first polarization direction is -45°, and the second polarization direction is +45°; or the first polarization direction is a horizontal polarization direction, and the second polarization direction is a vertical polarization direction.
  • the antenna device includes two omnidirectional antennas and four directional polarization antennas.
  • 6(a) is a plan view of the antenna device.
  • two omnidirectional antennas are distributed on two opposite faces of the square, and four directional polarized antennas are evenly distributed on four squares.
  • the directional polarization antennas with the same polarization direction in the four directional polarization antennas are combined and connected to one antenna port (not shown).
  • Fig. 6(b) is a front view of the antenna device, and in Fig. 6(b), the directional polarized antenna and the omnidirectional antenna do not overlap in the vertical dimension.
  • Fig. 6(c) is a side view of the antenna device.
  • the directional polarization antenna may also be located at other locations.
  • the directional polarization antenna and the omnidirectional antenna overlap in whole or in part in the space of the vertical dimension, and details are not described herein again.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, where the communication device includes any one of the above-mentioned antennas, and the communication device may be a device such as a CPE.
  • the communication device receives the radio frequency signal by using M antennas when receiving the radio frequency signal; when the communication device transmits the radio frequency signal, if the communication device only supports single antenna transmission, selecting a directional polarization antenna or an omnidirectional antenna as the transmitting antenna; If the communication device supports multi-antenna transmission, two or more antennas are selected from the M antennas as the transmitting antenna.
  • the communication device further includes a processor.
  • the processor is configured to perform the following actions:
  • An average value of P signal measurement values corresponding to one antenna in the X antennas is greater than an average value of P signal measurement values corresponding to one antenna of the currently used transmitting antennas of the communication device and a first preset threshold value And, the Y antennas having the largest average value of the P signal measurements among the M antennas are used as the transmitting antennas.
  • Y is less than or equal to M, and Y is greater than or equal to 1.
  • the X antennas are antennas other than the transmit antenna currently used by the communication device among the M antennas, and X is an integer greater than 0.
  • the processor in any one of the foregoing communication devices may be referred to as a baseband processor, hereinafter referred to as a processor.
  • the processor After determining the transmitting antenna, the processor sends a switching instruction to the antenna switching switch, where the switching instruction instructs the antenna switching switch to strobe the determined link of the transmitting antenna, and the antenna switching switch determines the transmission determined by the processor according to the switching instruction.
  • the processor can transmit the uplink signal to the radio unit, and then the radio unit transmits the uplink signal through the strobed transmit antenna. Specifically, it can be as shown in FIG. 7. In FIG.
  • the radio unit 703 and the antenna switching switch 704 are provided between the processor 701 and the antenna device 702.
  • the specific structure of the above-mentioned unit is not limited in this embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the processor 701 instructs the antenna switch 704 to select at least one antenna from the antenna device 702 as a transmit antenna by a handover command, so that the uplink signal can be transmitted through the radio frequency unit 703 to transmit the uplink signal through the gated transmit antenna.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 800 includes any one of the above-mentioned antenna devices 801, and the communication device 800 can be a device such as a CPE, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 800 also includes a processor 802, a memory 803.
  • the memory 803 can be used to store program instructions, the processor 802 calls the program instructions stored in the memory 803, and can perform one or more steps of the terminal device in the foregoing method embodiments, or an optional implementation thereof, such that the communication device 800 implements the functions in the above method.
  • the processor 802 is configured to perform the following actions:
  • the average of the P signal measurements corresponding to one directional polarization antenna in the X directional polarization antennas is greater than the P signal measurement values corresponding to one of the directional polarization antennas currently used by the communication device.
  • the sum of the average value and the first preset threshold, or each of the P signal measurements corresponding to one of the directional polarization antennas in the X directional polarization antennas is greater than the current communication device.
  • the P signal measurement values of the M directional polarization antennas when the sum of the signal measurement values of one of the P signal measurement values corresponding to one of the transmit antennas used and the first preset threshold value
  • Y is less than or equal to M, and Y is greater than or equal to 1.
  • the X directional polarization antennas are directional polarization antennas of the M directional polarization antennas except for the currently used transmitting antenna of the communication device. , X is an integer greater than zero.

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Abstract

一种天线装置及通信装置，包括：N个天线端口，以及M个定向极化天线，M为4的K倍，且N为4的整数倍，N、M为大于0的整数，K为大于0的偶数；所述M个定向极化天线平均分布在方形的四个面上，每个面包括K个定向极化天线，且每个面中K/2个定向极化天线的极化方向为第一极化方向，K/2个定向极化天线的极化方向为第二极化方向；所述四个面中，相邻的两个面或相对的两个面中，极化方向相同的K个定向极化天线合为一路，并与所述N个天线端口中的一个天线端口连接，且所述N个天线端口中每个天线端口连接K个定向极化天线。

Description

一种天线装置及通信装置
本申请要求在2017年12月11日提交国家专利局、申请号为201711311229.7、发明名称为“一种天线装置及通信装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及天线技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线装置及通信装置。
背景技术
随着互联网业务的发展，人们对宽带上网的需求越来越高，有些地方由于不方便部署线缆(光纤、铜线等)或者由于部署成本比较高，所以很多运营商采用无线宽带技术来解决用户的上网问题。在一些农村和偏远地区，人口比较稀疏，运营商在这些地方建设的基站的间距一般比较大，并选择具备高增益天线的客户终端设备(Customer Premise Equipment，CPE)来部署在用户家里，以保证广覆盖场景下的用户体验。
室外型终端安装时需要对准基站，目前普遍采用定向天线设计以提升增益，所以在安装时需要安装人员具备一定的专业能力，将定向天线的主波瓣对准基站，以获得最优的性能。所以如果考虑安装时免对准，一般考虑CPE采用全向天线设计，但是全向天线的增益比较低，从而降低天线的性能。如果室外型终端采用可旋转的定向天线，则需要内置电机带动天线旋转，从而旋转至最优方向。由于内置电机的存在，导致室外型终端的尺寸增大，给安装增加比较多的困难。同时内置电机旋转带来射频连接头的接触，会使得天线的可靠性降低。
综上，如何设计一种天线，降低室外型终端的安装复杂度，提高天线的增益，是一个亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种天线装置及通信装置，用以降低室外型终端的安装复杂度，提高天线的增益。
本申请实施例提供一种天线装置，包括：N个天线端口，以及M个定向极化天线，M为4的K倍，且N为4的整数倍，N、M为大于0的整数，K为大于0的偶数；
所述M个定向极化天线平均分布在方形的四个面上，每个面包括K个定向极化天线，且每个面中K/2个定向极化天线的极化方向为第一极化方向，K/2个定向极化天线的极化方向为第二极化方向；
所述四个面中，相邻的两个面或相对的两个面中，极化方向相同的K个定向极化天线合为一路，并与所述N个天线端口中的一个天线端口连接，且所述N个天线端口中每个天线端口连接K个定向极化天线。
根据上述天线装置，由于全部采用定向极化天线，从而达到各个方向的接收性能均衡，并提升多流性能的目的，采用该天线装置的通信装置，可以通过不同方向的定向极化天线 接收射频信号，从而在保证天线增益的同时，减少天线的调节，降低天线安装的复杂度。
可选的，所述四个面中，每个面包括的K个定向极化天线相互叠加在一起。
上述方案中，由于每个面包括的K个定向极化天线相互叠加在一起，可以降低天线装置的体积，提高天线安装的灵活性，降低天线安装的复杂度。
可选的，所述四个面中，每个面包括的K个定向极化天线分别独立分布在该面上。
上述方案中，由于每个面包括的K个定向极化天线分别独立，可以降低天线之间的干扰，提高天线增益。
可选的，第一极化方向为-45°，第二极化方向为+45°；或者，第一极化方向为水平极化方向，第二极化方向为垂直极化方向。
本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，包括上述任意一种天线装置。
可选的，所述通信装置还包括处理器；
所述处理器，用于获取预设时间段内，分别通过所述M个定向极化天线中每个定向极化天线测量得到的P个信号测量值，P为大于0的整数；
在X个定向极化天线中存在一个定向极化天线对应的P个信号测量值的平均值，大于所述通信装置当前使用的发射天线中的一个定向极化天线对应的P个信号测量值的平均值与第一预设阈值的和时，将所述M个定向极化天线中P个信号测量值的平均值最大的Y个定向极化天线作为发射天线；
其中，Y小于或等于M，且Y大于或等于1，所述X个定向极化天线为所述M个定向极化天线中除了所述通信装置当前使用的发射天线之外的定向极化天线，X为大于0的整数。
通过上述方案，实现实时调整发射射频信号时使用的发射天线，从而获得最优的上行性能。
可选的，所述信号测量值为参考信号接收功率RSRP或者接收信号强度指示RSSI或者信号与干扰加噪声比SINR。
本申请实施例提供一种天线装置，包括：M个天线，所述M个天线中包括2个全向天线以及2×L个定向极化天线，L为大于0的整数；
所述2个全向天线分别分布在方形相对的两个面上，且每个全向天线与一个天线端口连接；
所述2×L个定向极化天线平均分布在所述方形另外两个面上，所述2×L个定向极化天线中包括L个第一极化方向的定向极化天线以及L个第二极化方向的定向极化天线，所述L个第一极化方向的定向极化天线合路后与一个天线端口连接，所述L个第二极化方向的定向极化天线合路后与另一个天线端口连接；
4个天线端口，所述4个天线端口中的一个天线端口与一个全向天线连接或者与L个极化方向相同的定向极化天线连接。
上述天线装置中，包括定向极化天线与全向天线，通过全向天线可以全方向的接收射频信号，通过定向天线可以在某个方向获得较优的天线增益，在保证天线增益的同时，减少天线的调节，降低天线安装的复杂度，并可以获得多流性能。
可选的，M为4，L为1。
可选的，所述2个定向极化天线的天线反射板分别独立；或者，所述2个定向极化天线共享一个天线反射板，且所述2个定向极化天线分别位于所述天线反射板的两个面上。
可选的，所述2×L个定向极化天线与所述2个全向天线在垂直维度的空间上全部交叠或者部分交叠或者不交叠。
可选的，第一极化方向为-45°，第二极化方向为+45°；或者，第一极化方向为水平极化方向，第二极化方向为垂直极化方向。
本申请实施例提供一种天线装置，包括：M个天线，所述M个天线中包括2个全向天线以及4×L个定向极化天线，L为大于0的整数；所述4×L个定向极化天线中包括2×L个第一极化方向为定向极化天线、2×L个第二极化方向为定向极化天线；
所述2个全向天线分别分布在方形相对的两个面上，且每个全向天线与一个天线端口连接；
所述4×L个定向极化天线平均分布在所述方形的四个面上，且所述4×L个定向极化天线中极化方向相同的定向极化天线合路后与一个天线端口连接；
4个天线端口，所述4个天线端口中的一个天线端口与一个全向天线连接或者与极化方向相同的2×L个定向极化天线连接。
上述天线装置中，包括定向极化天线与全向天线，通过全向天线可以全方向的接收射频信号，方形的每个面又包括定向天线，从而可以通过每个面的定向天线在某个方向获得较优的天线增益，在保证天线增益的同时，减少天线的调节，降低天线安装的复杂度，并可以获得多流性能。
可选的，M为6，L为2。
可选的，所述4×L个定向极化天线与所述2个全向天线在垂直维度的空间上全部交叠或者部分交叠或者不交叠。
可选的，第一极化方向为-45°，第二极化方向为+45°；或者，第一极化方向为水平极化方向，第二极化方向为垂直极化方向。
附图说明
图1为适用于本申请实施例的一种场景示意图；
图2(a)至图2(c)为本申请实施例提供的一种天线装置结构示意图；
图3(a)至图3(c)为本申请实施例提供的一种天线装置结构示意图；
图4(a)至图4(e)为本申请实施例提供的一种天线装置结构示意图；
图5(a)至图5(e)为本申请实施例提供的一种天线装置结构示意图；
图6(a)至图6(c)为本申请实施例提供的一种天线装置结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种天线切换示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。
本申请可以应用于各种通信系统。具体如图1所示，为适用于本申请实施例的一种场景示意图。图1中，室外型的CPE安装于屋顶或者外墙，对接收到的基站发送的射频信号转换为数字信号，通过网线接入到屋内的路由器；对从网线接收到的数字信号再转换为射频信号，发送至基站。通过CPE，可以提高基站的覆盖面积，减少布站成本。
本申请提供一种天线装置，可以降低CPE的安装复杂度，提高天线的增益以及多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output，MIMO)性能，下面详细描述。
第一种可能的实现方式，本申请实施例提供的天线装置包括N个天线端口，以及M个定向极化天线，M为4的K倍，且N为4的整数倍，N、M为大于0的整数，K为大于0的偶数。
其中，所述M个定向极化天线平均分布在方形的四个面上，每个面包括K个定向极化天线，且每个面中K/2个定向极化天线的极化方向为第一极化方向，K/2个定向极化天线的极化方向为第二极化方向。
所述四个面中，相邻的两个面或相对的两个面中，极化方向相同的K个天线合为一路，并与所述N个天线端口中的一个天线端口连接，且所述N个天线端口中每个天线端口连接K个定向极化天线。
需要说明的是，定向极化天线的具体实现方式，本申请实施例并不限定，在此不再逐一举例说明。
需要说明的是，第一极化方向为-45°，第二极化方向为+45°；或者，第一极化方向为水平极化方向，第二极化方向为垂直极化方向。
本申请实施例中，对每个面中的天线具体如何排列，并不限定。一种可能的实现方式中，所述四个面中，每个面包括的K个定向极化天线相互叠加在一起。
举例来说，N等于4，M等于8，K等于2。每个面包括的2个定向极化天线相互叠加在一起，具体可以参考图2(a)所示。图2(a)所示的为方形的四个面中任意一个面的定向极化天线示意图，每个面中的定向极化天线相互叠加在一起，且每个面均包括1个第一极化方向的定向极化天线以及1个第二极化方向的定向极化天线。图2(b)为8个定向极化天线的整体示意图。图2(b)中，天线端口未示意出，8个定向极化天线平均分布在方形的四个面上，相邻的两个面或相对的两个面中，极化方向相同的2个天线合为一路，并与一个天线端口连接。需要说明的是，每个定向极化天线可以位于天线反射板上，即方形的四个面是由四个天线反射板组成的。图2(c)示意出了8个定向极化天线的俯视图，四个面分别分布着定向极化天线1至定向极化天线8。
N、M的取值为其他情况时，可以参考上面的描述，在此不再逐一举例说明。
另一种可能的实现方式中，所述四个面中，每个面包括的K个定向极化天线分别独立分布在该面上。
举例来说，N等于4，M等于8，K等于2。每个面包括的2个定向极化天线分别独立分布在该面上，具体可以参考图3(a)所示。图3(a)所示的为方形的四个面中一个面的定向极化天线示意图，每个面中的定向极化天线分别独立分布在该面上，且每个面均包括1个第一极化方向的定向极化天线以及1个第二极化方向的定向极化天线。图3(b)为8个定向极化天线的整体示意图。图3(b)中，天线端口未示意出，8个定向极化天线平均分布在方形的四个面上，相邻的两个面或相对的两个面中，极化方向相同的2个天线合为一路，并与一个天线端口连接。需要说明的是，每个定向极化天线可以位于天线反射板上，即方形的四个面是由四个天线反射板组成的。图3(c)示意出了8个定向极化天线的俯视图，四个面分别分布着定向极化天线1至定向极化天线8。
N、M的取值为其他情况时，可以参考上面的描述，在此不再逐一举例说明。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，所述通信装置包括上述任意一种天线装置，该通 信装置可以为CPE等装置，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
该通信装置在接收射频信号时，采用M个定向极化天线接收射频信号；该通信装置在发送射频信号时，采用M个定向极化天线中的Y个定向极化天线接收射频信号，其中Y小于或等于M。
进一步的，所述通信装置还包括处理器。所述处理器，用于执行以下动作：
获取预设时间段内，分别通过所述M个定向极化天线中每个定向极化天线测量得到P个信号测量值，P为大于0的整数；
在X个定向极化天线中存在一个定向极化天线对应的P个信号测量值的平均值，大于所述通信装置当前使用的发射天线中的一个定向极化天线对应的P个信号测量值的平均值与第一预设阈值的和时，或者，在X个定向极化天线中存在一个定向极化天线对应的P个信号测量值中的每个信号测量值，均大于所述通信装置当前使用的发射天线中的一个定向极化天线对应的P个信号测量值中的任意一个信号测量值与第一预设阈值的和时，将所述M个定向极化天线中P个信号测量值的平均值最大的Y个定向极化天线作为发射天线。
其中，Y小于或等于M，且Y大于或等于1，所述X个定向极化天线为所述M个定向极化天线中除了所述通信装置当前使用的发射天线之外的定向极化天线，X为大于0的整数。
所述通信装置可以通过确定出的发射天线发送射频信号。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，所述信号测量值为参考信号接收功率(Reference Signal Receiving Power，RSRP)或者接收信号强度指示(Received Signal Strength Indicator，RSSI)或者信号与干扰加噪声比((Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio，SINR)。所述通信装置具体如何确定信号测量值，本申请实施例对此并不限定，例如，针对M个定向极化天线中的任意一个定向极化天线，所述通信装置可以通过该定向极化天线接收基站发送的P个广播信号，并根据基站发送的P个广播信号测量得到P个RSRP或者RSSI或者SINR，从而确定该定向极化天线对应的P个信号测量值。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，第一预设阈值的取值为大于0的数。第一预设阈值可以与P的取值成反比，即P的值越大，第一预设阈值的取值越小。
举例来说，发射天线的数量为1。通信装置获取预设时间段内，分别通过所述M个定向极化天线中每个定向极化天线测量得到的10个信号测量值；在X个定向极化天线中存在一个定向极化天线对应的10个信号测量值的平均值，大于所述通信装置当前使用的发射天线对应的10个信号测量值的平均值与a1的和时，将M个定向极化天线中10信号测量值的平均值最大的定向极化天线作为发射天线；或者，通信装置获取预设时间段内，分别通过所述M个定向极化天线中每个定向极化天线测量得到的20个信号测量值；在X个定向极化天线中存在一个定向极化天线对应的20个信号测量值的平均值，大于所述通信装置当前使用的发射天线对应的20个信号测量值的平均值与a2的和时，将M个定向极化天线中20信号测量值的平均值最大的定向极化天线作为发射天线，其中，a1大于a2。
通过上述天线装置，由于M个定向极化天线分布在方形的四面，可以实现在各个方向的吞吐量基本均衡，并且多流性能好。通信装置在半空上述天线的同时，采用上述的发射天线选择方法，可以在不需要对天线的物理位置进行调整的情况下，获得最优的上行性能。
天线装置除了采用全部的定向极化天线的方式以外，本申请实施例提供的天线装置还可以包括全向天线，具体的，第二种可能的实现方式，本申请实施例提供一种天线装置， 包括：M个天线，所述M个天线中包括2个全向天线以及2×L个定向极化天线，L为大于0的整数；4个天线端口。
其中，所述2个全向天线分别分布在方形相对的两个面上，且每个全向天线与一个天线端口连接。
所述2×L个定向极化天线平均分布在所述方形另外两个面上，所述2×L个定向极化天线中包括L个第一极化方向的定向极化天线以及L个第二极化方向的定向极化天线，所述L个第一极化方向的定向极化天线合路后与一个天线端口连接，所述L个第二极化方向的定向极化天线合路后与另一个天线端口连接。第一极化方向为-45°，第二极化方向为+45°；或者，第一极化方向为水平极化方向，第二极化方向为垂直极化方向。
所述4个天线端口中的一个天线端口与一个全向天线连接或者与L个极化方向相同的定向极化天线连接。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，全向天线的具体实现方式，并不限定，例如全向天线可以由1或多个振子组成，多个振子可以垂直放置组阵，也可以分别倾斜一定的角度组阵。如果倾斜放置，两个全向天线中的振子倾斜方向相反，譬如分别倾斜+-45度放置。当然，全向天线也可以包括其他形式，在此不再逐一举例说明。
需要说明的是，定向极化天线的具体实现方式，本申请实施例并不限定，在此不再逐一举例说明。
在该实现方式下，分布在方形相对的两个面上的定向极化天线可以共享一个天线反射板，即所述2×L个定向极化天线分布位于一个天线反射板的两个面上。或者，分布在方形相对的两个面上的定向极化天线，也可以分布于不同的天线反射板上。
所述2×L个定向极化天线与所述2个全向天线在垂直维度的空间上全部交叠或者部分交叠或者不交叠。
举例来说，M为4，L为1时。天线装置包括2个全向天线以及2个定向极化天线。具体可以参考图4(a)至图4(e)所示。图4(a)为天线装置的俯视图，图4(a)中，2个全向天线分布在方形的两个相对的面上，2个定向极化天线分布在方形的另外两个相对的面上。2个定向极化天线分布位于不同的天线反射板上。图4(b)为天线装置的正视图，图4(b)中，定向极化天线与全向天线在垂直维度的空间上全部交叠。相应的，图4(c)为天线装置的侧视图。
当然，在垂直维度上，定向极化天线也可以位于其他位置，例如，如图4(d)所示，为另一种天线装置的正视图。图4(d)中，定向极化天线与全向天线在垂直维度的空间上不交叠。相应的，图4(e)为天线装置的侧视图。
再举例来说，M为4，L为1时，天线装置包括2个全向天线以及2个定向极化天线，分布在方形相对的两个面上的2个定向极化天线共享一个天线反射板。具体可以参考图5(a)至图5(e)所示。图5(a)为天线装置的俯视图，图5(a)中，2个全向天线分布在方形的两个相对的面上，2个定向极化天线分布在方形的另外两个相对的面上，且2个定向极化天线共享一个天线反射板，分布位于天线反射板的两面。图5(b)为天线装置的正视图，图5(b)中，定向极化天线与全向天线在垂直维度的空间上全部交叠。相应的，图5(c)为天线装置的侧视图。
当然，在垂直维度上，定向极化天线也可以位于其他位置，例如，如图5(d)所示，为另一种天线装置的正视图。图5(d)中，定向极化天线与全向天线在垂直维度的空间上 不交叠。相应的，图5(e)为天线装置的侧视图。
L、M的取值为其他情况时，可以参考上面的描述，在此不再逐一举例说明。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，所述通信装置包括上述任意一种天线装置，该通信装置可以为CPE等装置，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
该通信装置在接收射频信号时，采用M个天线接收射频信号；该通信装置在发送射频信号时，若通信装置仅支持单天线发射，则选择一个定向极化天线或者全向天线作为发射天线；如果通信装置支持多天线发射，则从M个天线中选择2个或者以上的天线作为发射天线。
进一步的，所述通信装置还包括处理器。所述处理器，用于执行以下动作：
获取预设时间段内，分别通过所述M个天线中每个定向极化天线或全向天线测量得到P个信号测量值，P为大于0的整数；
在X个天线中存在一个天线对应的P个信号测量值的平均值，大于所述通信装置当前使用的发射天线中的一个天线对应的P个信号测量值的平均值与第一预设阈值的和时，将所述M个天线中P个信号测量值的平均值最大的Y个天线作为发射天线。
其中，Y小于或等于M，且Y大于或等于1，所述X个天线为所述M个天线中除了所述通信装置当前使用的发射天线之外的天线，X为大于0的整数。
所述通信装置可以通过确定出的发射天线发送射频信号。
第三种可能的实现方式，本申请实施例还提供一种天线装置，包括：M个天线，所述M个天线中包括2个全向天线以及4×L个定向极化天线，L为大于0的整数；所述4×L个定向极化天线中包括2×L个第一极化方向为定向极化天线、2×L个第二极化方向为定向极化天线；4个天线端口，所述4个天线端口中的一个天线端口与一个全向天线连接或者与极化方向相同的2×L个定向极化天线连接。
所述2个全向天线分别分布在方形相对的两个面上，且每个全向天线与一个天线端口连接，所述4×L个定向极化天线平均分布在所述方形的四个面上，且所述4×L个定向极化天线中极化方向相同的定向极化天线合路后与一个天线端口连接。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，全向天线的具体实现方式，并不限定，例如全向天线可以由1或多个振子组成，多个振子可以垂直放置组阵，也可以分别倾斜一定的角度组阵。如果倾斜放置，两个全向天线中的振子倾斜方向相反，譬如分别倾斜+-45度放置。当然，全向天线也可以包括其他形式，在此不再逐一举例说明。
需要说明的是，定向极化天线的具体实现方式，本申请实施例并不限定，在此不再逐一举例说明。
本申请实施例中，所述4×L个定向极化天线与所述2个全向天线在垂直维度的空间上全部交叠或者部分交叠或者不交叠。
本申请实施例中，第一极化方向为-45°，第二极化方向为+45°；或者，第一极化方向为水平极化方向，第二极化方向为垂直极化方向。
举例来说，M为6，L为2时，天线装置包括2个全向天线以及4个定向极化天线。具体可以参考图6(a)至图6(c)所示。图6(a)为天线装置的俯视图，图6(a)中，2个全向天线分布在方形的两个相对的面上，4个定向极化天线平均分布在方形的四个两上，且4个定向极化天线中极化方向相同的定向极化天线合路后与一个天线端口(图中未示出)连接。图6(b)为天线装置的正视图，图6(b)中，定向极化天线与全向天线在垂直维 度的空间上不交叠。相应的，图6(c)为天线装置的侧视图。
当然，在垂直维度上，定向极化天线也可以位于其他位置，例如，定向极化天线与全向天线在垂直维度的空间上全部或部分交叠，在此不再赘述。
L、M的取值为其他情况时，可以参考上面的描述，在此不再逐一举例说明。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，所述通信装置包括上述任意一种天线，该通信装置可以为CPE等装置，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
该通信装置在接收射频信号时，采用M个天线接收射频信号；该通信装置在发送射频信号时，若通信装置仅支持单天线发射，则选择一个定向极化天线或者全向天线作为发射天线；如果通信装置支持多天线发射，则从M个天线中选择2个或者以上的天线作为发射天线。
进一步的，所述通信装置还包括处理器。所述处理器，用于执行以下动作：
获取预设时间段内，分别通过所述M个天线中每个定向极化天线或全向天线测量得到P个信号测量值，P为大于0的整数；
在X个天线中存在一个天线对应的P个信号测量值的平均值，大于所述通信装置当前使用的发射天线中的一个天线对应的P个信号测量值的平均值与第一预设阈值的和时，将所述M个天线中P个信号测量值的平均值最大的Y个天线作为发射天线。
其中，Y小于或等于M，且Y大于或等于1，所述X个天线为所述M个天线中除了所述通信装置当前使用的发射天线之外的天线，X为大于0的整数。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，上述任意一种通信装置中的处理器可以是指基带处理器，以下简称处理器。处理器在确定了发射天线之后，向天线切换开关发送切换指令，所述切换指令指示所述天线切换开关将确定的发射天线的链路选通，天线切换开关根据切换指令将处理器确定的发射天线的链路选通后，处理器可以将上行信号发射至射频单元，再由射频单元将上行信号通过选通的发射天线进行发送。具体可以如图7所示。图7中，处理器701与天线装置702之间存在射频单元703以及天线切换开关704等单元，上述单元的具体结构，本申请实施例对此并不限定，在此不再赘述。处理器701通过切换指令指示天线切换开关704从天线装置702中选择至少一个天线作为发射天线，从而可以通过射频单元703发射上行信号将上行信号通过选通的发射天线进行发送。
如图8所述，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置结构示意图。
所述通信装置800包括上述任意一种天线装置801，该通信装置800可以为CPE等装置，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
所述通信装置800还包括处理器802，存储器803。
存储器803可以用于存储程序指令，处理器802调用该存储器803中存储的程序指令，可以执行上述各方法实施例中终端设备的一个或多个步骤，或其中可选的实施方式，使得通信装置800实现上述方法中的功能。
所述处理器802，用于执行以下动作：
获取预设时间段内，分别通过所述M个定向极化天线中每个定向极化天线测量得到P个信号测量值，P为大于0的整数；
在X个定向极化天线中存在一个定向极化天线对应的P个信号测量值的平均值，大于所述通信装置当前使用的发射天线中的一个定向极化天线对应的P个信号测量值的平均值与第一预设阈值的和时，或者，在X个定向极化天线中存在一个定向极化天线对应的P个 信号测量值中的每个信号测量值，均大于所述通信装置当前使用的发射天线中的一个定向极化天线对应的P个信号测量值中的任意一个信号测量值与第一预设阈值的和时，将所述M个定向极化天线中P个信号测量值的平均值最大的Y个定向极化天线作为发射天线。
其中，Y小于或等于M，且Y大于或等于1，所述X个定向极化天线为所述M个定向极化天线中除了所述通信装置当前使用的发射天线之外的定向极化天线，X为大于0的整数。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种天线装置，其特征在于，包括：N个天线端口，以及M个定向极化天线，M为4的K倍，且N为4的整数倍，N、M为大于0的整数，K为大于0的偶数；
    所述M个定向极化天线平均分布在方形的四个面上，每个面包括K个定向极化天线，且每个面中K/2个定向极化天线的极化方向为第一极化方向，K/2个定向极化天线的极化方向为第二极化方向；
    所述四个面中，相邻的两个面或相对的两个面中，极化方向相同的K个定向极化天线合为一路，并与所述N个天线端口中的一个天线端口连接，且所述N个天线端口中每个天线端口连接K个定向极化天线。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线装置，其特征在于，所述四个面中，每个面包括的K个定向极化天线相互叠加在一起。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的天线装置，其特征在于，所述四个面中，每个面包括的K个定向极化天线分别独立分布在该面上。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的天线装置，其特征在于，第一极化方向为-45°，第二极化方向为+45°；或者，第一极化方向为水平极化方向，第二极化方向为垂直极化方向。
  5. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至4任一所述的天线装置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置还包括处理器；
    所述处理器，用于获取预设时间段内，分别通过所述M个定向极化天线中每个定向极化天线测量得到的P个信号测量值，P为大于0的整数；
    在X个定向极化天线中存在一个定向极化天线对应的P个信号测量值的平均值，大于所述通信装置当前使用的发射天线中的一个定向极化天线对应的P个信号测量值的平均值与第一预设阈值的和时，将所述M个定向极化天线中P个信号测量值的平均值最大的Y个定向极化天线作为发射天线；
    其中，Y小于或等于M，且Y大于或等于1，所述X个定向极化天线为所述M个定向极化天线中除了所述通信装置当前使用的发射天线之外的定向极化天线，X为大于0的整数。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述信号测量值为参考信号接收功率RSRP或者接收信号强度指示RSSI或者信号与干扰加噪声比SINR。
  8. 一种天线装置，其特征在于，包括：M个天线，所述M个天线中包括2个全向天线以及2×L个定向极化天线，L为大于0的整数；
    所述2个全向天线分别分布在方形相对的两个面上，且每个全向天线与一个天线端口连接；
    所述2×L个定向极化天线平均分布在所述方形另外两个面上，所述2×L个定向极化天线中包括L个第一极化方向的定向极化天线以及L个第二极化方向的定向极化天线，所述L个第一极化方向的定向极化天线合路后与一个天线端口连接，所述L个第二极化方向的定向极化天线合路后与另一个天线端口连接；
    4个天线端口，所述4个天线端口中的一个天线端口与一个全向天线连接或者与L个极化方向相同的定向极化天线连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的天线装置，其特征在于，M为4，L为1。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的天线装置，其特征在于，所述2个定向极化天线的天线反射板分别独立；或者，所述2个定向极化天线共享一个天线反射板，且所述2个定向极化天线分别位于所述天线反射板的两个面上。
  11. 根据权利要求8至10任一所述的天线装置，其特征在于，所述2×L个定向极化天线与所述2个全向天线在垂直维度的空间上全部交叠或者部分交叠或者不交叠。
  12. 根据权利要求8至11任一所述的天线装置，其特征在于，第一极化方向为-45°，第二极化方向为+45°；或者，第一极化方向为水平极化方向，第二极化方向为垂直极化方向。
  13. 一种天线装置，其特征在于，包括：M个天线，所述M个天线中包括2个全向天线以及4×L个定向极化天线，L为大于0的整数；所述4×L个定向极化天线中包括2×L个第一极化方向为定向极化天线、2×L个第二极化方向为定向极化天线；
    所述2个全向天线分别分布在方形相对的两个面上，且每个全向天线与一个天线端口连接；
    所述4×L个定向极化天线平均分布在所述方形的四个面上，且所述4×L个定向极化天线中极化方向相同的定向极化天线合路后与一个天线端口连接；
    4个天线端口，所述4个天线端口中的一个天线端口与一个全向天线连接或者与极化方向相同的2×L个定向极化天线连接。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的天线装置，其特征在于，M为6，L为2。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的天线装置，其特征在于，所述4×L个定向极化天线与所述2个全向天线在垂直维度的空间上全部交叠或者部分交叠或者不交叠。
  16. 根据权利要求13至15任一所述的天线装置，其特征在于，第一极化方向为-45°，第二极化方向为+45°；或者，第一极化方向为水平极化方向，第二极化方向为垂直极化方向。
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CN109904626B (zh) 2021-03-30
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