US403266A - Quadruple-expansion engine - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1..

J. HAUG. QUADRUPLB EXPANSION ENGINE.

No. 403,266. Patented May 14, 1889.

N. PETERS. Phoh-Ulhagraplwr, Washington. D. KL

(No Model.) 4 v '4 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. HAUG. QUADRUPLE EXPANSION ENGINE.

Patented May 14, 1889.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3. J. HAUG.

QUADRUPLE EXPANSION ENGINE.

No. 403,266.- Patented May 14, 1889.

Inventor" N. PETER$ Photo-Lilhognpher, Wuhinglnn, D. C,

(No Model.)

4 Sheets--Sheet 4. J. HAUG. QUADRUPLE EXPANSION ENGINE.

No. 403,266. Patented May 14, 1889.

Zy 71,68 JZiEZarnq/G N. PETERS. PhcQo-Lilho mphar, Washington n.0,

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.)

JOHN HAUG, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

QUADRUPLE-EXPANSION ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 403,266, dated May 14, 1889. Application filed June 27 1887. Serial No. 242,603. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN HAUG, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Phi1adelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Quadruple-Expansion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to so construct a quadruple-expansion engine as to provide for using the engine as a true quadruple-expansion engine, receivinglive steam in the first or smallest cylinder only of the set, or as a double-compound engine, receiving live steam in both of the small cylinders.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of one form of quadruple-expansion engine constructed in accordance with my invention, the intermediate or directing valve-chest being shown in section; Fig. 2, a view, partly in section and partly in elevation, through one pair of cylinders and their valvechests, the directing Valve-chest being shown in elevation; Fig. 3, a view of the intermediate or directing valve chest and its valves, showing the latter in different positions from those illustrated in Fig. 1; Fig. 4, a diagram illustrating the disposal of the cylinders in respect to the crank-shaft of the engine 5 Figs. 5 to 8, diagrams illustrating modified arrangements of the cylinders, and Figs. 9 and 10 a modified construction of the directing-valves and valve-chest for use in connection therewith.

A represents the main shaft of the engine, on which are cranks B B, one of said cranks being operated by a pair of cylinders, D D and the other crank by a pair of cylinders, D D these two pairs of cylinders being arranged side by side, and each pair comprising a cylinder of small diameter and a cylinder of larger diameter, the cylinders being preferably disposed as shown in the diagram, Fig. 4that is to say, the cylinder D of smallest diameter and the cylinder D" of largest diameter forming one pair, while the cylinders D D of intermediate diameter form the second pair-so that the piston area and average steam-pressure of each pair will be about equal, and the application of uniform power to each crank will be insured.

As shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4:, the cylinders of each pair are arranged tandem, the smaller cylinder being in advance, and each pair of cylinders has a common cross-head, a, the piston of the smaller cylinder of the pair having a central rod, 1), while the piston of the large cylinder has side rods, 1), connected to said cross-head, to which is also hung one end of the connecting-rod (l, the other end of the latter being adapted to one of the cranks in the usual manner.

Any desired form of valves and valve-gear may be used in connection with the cylinders, that shown in the present instance being what is known as the Marshall gear, but it should be understood that my invention is not limited to this particular valve mechanism, nor do I claim the same.

In a quadruple-expansion engine, especially when the same is designed for use in a warvessel, it is desirable to provide for working the engine either as a true quadruple-expansion engine or as a double-compound engine, the live steam in the former case being admitted to the first or smallest cylinder of the set, but in the double-compound engine being admitted to the two smaller cylinders, the quadruple principle being adopted for the sake of economy when a moderate amount of power only is needed for ordinary cruising, and the engine being worked as a double-compound engine when greater power is needed for steaming at high speed in case of emergency-as, for instance, in pursuing or escaping from an enemy. For this reason I combine with the four cylinders of the engine an intermediate or direct-ing valve-chest, F, having valves and seats so arranged that the eduction pipe or passage of the first cylinder may be caused to communicate with the induction pipe or passage of the second cylinder, the eduction pipe or passage of the latter with the induction pipe or passage of the third cylinder, and so on; or the induction-pipes of both the first and second cylind ers maybe placed in communication with the live-steam pipe, and the eductionpipes of said first and second cylinders caused to communicate with the induction. pipes or passages of the third and fourth cylinders, respectively.

As shown in the drawings, f, f f and f represent, respectively, the induction pipes or passages of the cylinders D, D D and D and g, g g and g represent, respectively,

the eduction pipes or passages of said cylinders. I

The chest F has chambers h, 7f, 71., and 7:1", communicating, respectively, with the induction pipes or passages f, ft and f", and other chambers, '1', i 1"", and i, communicating, respectively, with the eduction pipes or passages g, 9 g, and g of the various cylinders, the chamber 72. also communicating with the live-stcam-supply pipe G, while the chamber i communicates with the exhaust-pipe G, leading to the condenser. In the partition between the chambers 7i and 7&2 there is an opening, 722, and in the partitions forming the boundaries of the chambers '11, i, and i are openings m and m, located opposite each other, the open ings mbeing between the chambers "17 70 ,1? 71 and if 1 respectively, while the openings m are respectively between the chambers i ha, i 71. and 1 7L".

Passing centrally through the chest F is a 'alve-stem, which carries a single valve, n, adapted to close the opening on between the chambers h and 71?, and a series of duplex valves, am, one for each of the chambers i 71 and 17*, these valves being adapted to close either the openings m or the openings on of said chambers, according to the adj ustment, of the stem 17.

By this arrangement it will be observed that when the valves are adjusted to the positions shown in Fig. 1, so as to close all of the openings on, the chamber 7b, which communicates with the livesteam-supply pipe G, is cut oflf from all the pipes or passages, except the pipe f of the first cylinder, D, the eduction-pipe g from this cylinder being in communication through the chambers '2' 7L2 with the induction-pipe f of the second cylinder, D the eduction-pipe g of the latter communicating through chambers i and h with the induction-passage f of the third cylinder, D, and the eduction-pipe g 01": the latter communicating through the chambers '6 and 7r with the induction-passage f of the fourth and last cylinder, D, the eduetionpassage g" of which communicates through the exhaust-pipe G with the condenser. Steam is thus worked under full pressure in the first cylinder of the set, and expansively in the second, third, and fourth cylinders; but by simply shifting the valve-stem 1), so as to remove the valves from the openings at and close the openings at, as shown in Fi 3, the live steam chamber h is placed in communication with the induction-pipes f f of the cylinders I) D the eduction-pipe g of the cylinder D communicating with the induction-passagef of the cylinder D, the eduction-pipe g of the cylinder 1) communicating with the induction-1.)assage f of the cylinder D", and the eduction-oassages g g of said cylinders D D both communicating with the exhaust-pipe G leading to the condenser, so that steam is worked under full pressure in the cylinders D D*, and expansively in the cylinders D I), thus forming,

practically, two compound engines, the first or smallest cylinder exhausting into the third, and the second cylinder into the fourth or largest, so that the degree of expansion and average pressure in each of the larger cylinders Will be substantially uniform.

Although I prefer to arrange all the valves or and n n on one stein, as shown and described, so that they may all be operated simultaneously, it will be evident that the valves may be carried by independent sleeves, so as to be operated separately without departing from my invention. Although Iprefer also to adopt the tandem arrangement of the cylinders and the principle of direct action shown in Figs. 1, 2, and t, the same may be modified without departing from my invention. For instance, in Figs. 5 and 6 I have shown one plan, and in Figs. '7 and 8 another plan, in which the cylinders of each pair are placed side by side.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 5 the piston-rods of the cylinders D" D are connected to the cranks and also by links (1' to the arms of beams or levers J ,which are hung to suitable bearings on the frame of the engine, the other arms of said levers being connected by links (1'' to the piston-rods of the cylinders D D In this case, as in the engine shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the cranks are set at an angle of ninety degrees in respect to each other; but the pistons of the cylinders of each pair move in opposite directions, as will be readily understood.

In the arrangement shown in Figs. 7 and 8 the crank-shaft is at one side of the frame, and three-armed rock-levers J are used to transmit the movement of the piston-rods to the cranks, two arms of each lever being connected to the piston-rods of a pair of cylinders, and the third arm being connected to the crank.

The disposal of the cylinders, as shown in Figs. 5 to 8, necessitates the making of the intermediate or directin g'valve-chest, F, in two parts, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10, one part containing the chambers 71 71 i and being located adjacent to the valve-chests oi. the cylinders D D while the other part contains the chambers 7L3 71. 1' 2', and is located adjacent to the valve-chesis oi the cylinders l) D. In this case pipes 1" i forming continuations of the chambers 7; 11*, connect the two valve-chests F, as shown.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination, in a quadruple engine, of four cylinders of differential diameter, a live-steam inlet, an exhaust-outlet, passages for connecting the cylinders either in a continuous series or in simultaneously-operating pairs, and valves for controlling the flow through said passages, all substantially as specified.

2. The combination, in a quadruple engine, of four cylinders of differential.diameter, passages connecting the first and second cylinders of the set with. the steam-inlet, passages ITO connecting the first cylinder with the second and third, passages connecting the second cylinder with the third and fourth, passages connecting the third cylinder with the fourth and with the final outlet, a passage connecting said fourth cylinder with said final outlet, and valves for opening and closing said passages, as described,whereby live steam may be directed to the first cylinder only and worked in the series of cylinders in succession before reaching the final outlet, or said live steam may be simultaneously admitted to the first and second cylinders, the first cylinder exhausting into the third, the second cylinder into the fourth, and the third and fourth into the final outlet, all substantially as specified.

3. The combination, in a quadruple engine, of four cylinders of difierent-ial diameter, passages for connecting the cylinders either in a continuous series. or in pairs, and duplex valves located in the eduction-chambers communicating with the first, second, and third cylinders, all substantially as specified.

4. The combination, in a quadruple engine,

of four cylinders of diiferential diameter, passages t'or connecting the cylinders either in continuous series or in pairs, duplex valves located inthe eduction-chambers communicating with the first, second, and third cylinders, and a single valve controlling the communication between the induction-chambers of the first and second cylinders, all substantially as specified.

5. The combination, in a quadruple engine, of four cylinders of diiferential diameter, a directing-chest having passages for connecting the cylinders either in a continuous series or in pairs, and a series of valves carried by a single stem and controlling the flow through. said passages, all substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN HAUG.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM D. CONNER, HARRY SMITH.

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